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Degenerative conditions - Coggle Diagram
Degenerative conditions
Parkinson's disease
Definition
Parkinson's disease is a progressive and degenerative nerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS).
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Pathophysiology
The essential defect is a depletion of dopamine due to loss of neurones in the substantia nigra, locals ceruleus and other pigmented areas of the brainstem and basal ganglia.
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Clinical manifestations
Parkinson's disease is characterized by hypokinesia, tremors, ataxia and poor postural control
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The gait is shuffling and the patient may lean backwards or forward, which is the result of the way the disease affects motor control.
Nursing management
Management of Parkinson's disease is directed at controlling motor symptoms to enable the patient to remain and independent. Treatment is primarily pharmacological.
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Definition
MS is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system, characterized by demyelination and plaque formation in the brain and spinal cord.
Causes
The cause is unknown and the condition causes permanent neurological deficits that can results in complete disability.
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Nursing management
Various treatment measures are available, but treatment is mainly palliative and is directed at slowing the progress of the disease and preserving function.
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