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Separation of mixtures - Coggle Diagram
Separation of mixtures
Picking up
The method in which substances in a mixture can be separated by just picking them out with the help of hand from the mixture is known as hand-picking method. It is one of the various methods which are carried out in dry conditions.
Sieving
This method of separation of particles from a mixture based on the difference in size of particles is known as sieving. It uses sieve plates for separation of coarse particles from finer particles. Sieve plates have meshed or perforated bottoms which allow only particles of a specific size to pass through it.
Filtration
Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. When a mixture of sand and water is filtered: the sand stays behind in the filter paper (it becomes the residue ) the water passes through the filter paper (it becomes the filtrate )
Dialysis
Separation by dialysis is a slow process, depending for its speed on the differences in particle size and diffusion rates between the colloidal and the crystalloidal constituents, and may be accelerated by heating
Magnet
Magnetic separation is the process of separating mixture components using a magnet to attract magnetic materials. The process used for magnetic separation separates non-magnetic materials from magnetic ones. This technique is useful for a few minerals that are ferromagnetic and paramagnetic.
sand and conalt ,sand and nickel,sand and iron
Floating
flotation, in mineral processing, method used to separate and concentrate ores by altering their surfaces to a hydrophobic or hydrophilic condition—that is, the surfaces are either repelled or attracted by water.
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Separatory Funnel
This technique is used for immiscible liquids (those that do not mix together). A separating funnel is used in the process.
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Decantation
Decantation is a process for separating immiscible liquids or mixtures of a liquid and a solid mixture such as a suspension.
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Chuck Away
the solids with different densities can be separated without using a liquid if the mixturesis thrown into the air the ligter one goes far away
Electrification
Separation gives rise to a separate unipolar ((+) or (−)) electrical signal, as also shown in Fig. 4, which we will refer to as electrification during separation, or separation electrification (SE). SE signals contain the electrostatic induction signals (as a result of surface charges after SE) for departure
Crystallization
Crystallization is a separation process that makes use of differences in solubility of the components present in the melt or the solution. Crystallization can occur when the solubility of one or more components present in the liquid is exceeded.
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Extraction
Extraction is the process of separating an inorganic or organic substance in a solution or suspension with the help of another solvent. Contrary to what is known in chemistry, it is used as a separation method, not a purification.
Simple Distillation
Simple distillation is a method for separating the solvent from a solution. For example, water can be separated from salt solution by simple distillation. This method works because water has a much lower boiling point than salt. When the solution is heated, the water evaporates.
Fractional Distillation
Fractional distillation is used to separate two miscible liquids. Fractional distillation separates two miscible liquids based on their boiling point. Separating funnel separates two liquids of different density. Example: Water and alcohol.
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