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Cerebrovascular disease - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Dizziness, nausea, or vomiting
      - Unusually severe headache
      - Confusion, disorientation or memory loss
      - Numbness, weakness in an arm, leg or the face, especially on one side
      - Abnormal or slurred speech
      - Difficulty with comprehension
      - Loss of vision or difficulty seeing
      - Loss of balance, coordination or the ability to walk
    - - blocked arteries - ischemic stroke
      - leaking or rapturing of a blood vessel- hemorrhage
      - high blood pressure
      - high cholesterol
  - - - Mental status (memory, attentio n span, perception, orientation, affect, speech/language).
      - Observe sensation and perception (usually the patient has decreased awareness of pain and temperature).
      - Motor control -swallowing ability, nutritional and hydration status, skin integrity, activity tolerance, and bowel and bladder function.
      - Continue focusing nursing assessment on impairment of function in patient’s daily activities.
      - monitor patient vital signs
- - - - Sudden numbness or weakness in the face or limbs, often on only one side of the body
      - Sudden troubled with speech and understanding
      - Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
      - dizziness or loss of balance
      - severe headache with nil known cause
  - - - Encourage the patient on lifestyle changes eg. quitting smoking and eating healthy food , reducing salt intake and exercise
      - Encourage the patient to take medication daily as it ordered by the doctor
      - give medication such as aspirin or blood thinning medication to prevent blood clots
    - - diagnostic procedures
        
        Diagnostic procedure
        
        Ultrasound, to assess the level of blood flow and pressure in the carotid arteries.
        
        CT or MRI, to check for any evidence of stroke
        
        CT angiography or MR angiography, which provides additional images of blood flow in the carotid arteries. A contrast dye is injected into a blood vessel, and a CT scan or an MRI gathers images of your neck and brain.
    - - carotid endarterectomy
      - carotid angioplasty
      - stenting
      - anticoagulants such as aspirin
- - - - Numbness or tingling in a hand, arm, foot or leg
      - Weakness in a hand, arm, foot or leg
      - Problems with walking and balance
      - Neck pain
    - - Overgrowth of bone
      - Thickened ligaments
      - Spinal injuries
      - Tumors
    - - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
      - Pain relievers such as ibuprofen , naproxen and acetaminophen
      - Antidepresants , like amitriptyline
      - anti- seizure drugs
      - opioids. ( oxycodon, hydrocodon)
      - Decompression procedure
      - Surgery- Laminectomy, Laminotomy,Laminoplasty