Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Cerebrovascular disease - Coggle Diagram
Cerebrovascular disease
Definition
It is referred to the group of conditions affecting the blood flow and the blood vessels in the brain. These blood flow may occur from blood vessels narrowing known as stenosis, clot formation known as thrombosis, artery blockage (embolism)and or blood vessel rupture (hemorrhage).
Stroke
It is an abrupt interruption of constant blood flow to the brain which causes loss of neurological functioning. The interruption of blood flow can be caused by a blockage, leading to the more common ischemic stroke, or by bleeding in the brain, leading to the more deadly hemorrhagic strok
sings and symptoms
Dizziness, nausea, or vomiting
-
Confusion, disorientation or memory loss
Numbness, weakness in an arm, leg or the face, especially on one side
-
-
-
Loss of balance, coordination or the ability to walk
-
-
Nursing management
Mental status (memory, attentio n span, perception, orientation, affect, speech/language).
Observe sensation and perception (usually the patient has decreased awareness of pain and temperature).
Motor control -swallowing ability, nutritional and hydration status, skin integrity, activity tolerance, and bowel and bladder function.
-
-
corotid stenosis
-
-
Signs and symptoms
Sudden numbness or weakness in the face or limbs, often on only one side of the body
-
-
-
-
Nursing management
Encourage the patient on lifestyle changes eg. quitting smoking and eating healthy food , reducing salt intake and exercise
-
-
diagnostic procedures
Diagnostic procedure
Ultrasound, to assess the level of blood flow and pressure in the carotid arteries.
CT or MRI, to check for any evidence of stroke
CT angiography or MR angiography, which provides additional images of blood flow in the carotid arteries. A contrast dye is injected into a blood vessel, and a CT scan or an MRI gathers images of your neck and brain.
-
vertebral stenosis
it is the narrowing of the spinal canal.It is commonly occur in the neck and lower back and is oftenly caused by age-related wear and tear
Signs & symptoms
Numbness or tingling in a hand, arm, foot or leg
Weakness in a hand, arm, foot or leg
-
-
-
treatment
-
Pain relievers such as ibuprofen , naproxen and acetaminophen
Antidepresants , like amitriptyline
-
opioids. ( oxycodon, hydrocodon)
-
Surgery- Laminectomy, Laminotomy,Laminoplasty
Nursing management
- maximizing patient respiratory function, preventing injury to the spinal cord, promote mobility and/or independence, prevent or minimize complications
support patients psychological needs and adjustment of patient and providing information about the injury, prognosis, and treatment