Encephalocele
definition
is a sac-like protrusion or projection of the brain and the membranes that cover it through an opening in the skull.
Nursing intervention
Provide radiant warmer or place infant in an incubator (isolette) based on hypothermia evaluation keeping sac moist postoperatively
Causes
Treatment
encephalocele forms when the neural tube does not close properly during gestation
Encephalocele is treated with surgery to place the protruding part of the brain and the membranes covering it back into the skull and close the opening in the skull.
Clinical manifestation
too much fluid in the brain (called hydrocephalus)
loss of strength in the arms and legs
a small head
awkward movement of muscles, such as those used in walking and reaching.
delay in growth and development.
problems seeing
problems with breathing, heart rate, and swallowing
seizures
Complications
Hydrocephalus (abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain)
Spastic quadriplegia (paralysis of the arms and legs)
Microcephaly (smaller than average head size)
Ataxia (poor coordination and unsteadiness)
Developmental delays
Vision problems