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Haemorrhage - Coggle Diagram
Haemorrhage
Thrombocytopenia
Is a disorder that occurs when there is a reduction of platelets, resulting in bleeding disorders. It may be congenital or acquired
Pathophysiology
Thrombocytopenia affects coagulation and haemostasis, resulting in bleeding tendencies
Clinical manifestations
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Spontaneous bleeding from the nose, gums, urinary system, gastrointestinal tract and excessive menstruation in women
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Fever, lethargy and weakness
Causes
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Bone marrow diseases, including aplastic anemia, leukemia, certain lymphomas and myelodysplastic syndromes.
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Nursing management
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Advice patients to use a soft- bristled toothbrush for cleaning their teeth and to use an electric razor for shaving to prevent bleeding
Instruct patients in measures to avoid constipation, as straining could use bleeding
Haemophilia
Is an inherited sex-linked chromosomal defect where there is a deficiency of one or more of the clotting factors carried on the X chromosomes, hence females are carries and males are suffers
Pathophysiology
Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder resulting from the insufficient levels of clotting factors in the body. The clotting factors irregularity causes a lack of clumping of blood required to form a clot to plug a site of a wound.
Causes
Hemophilia is caused by a mutation or change, in one of the genes, that provides instructions for making the clotting factor proteins needed to form a blood clot. This change or mutation can prevent the clotting protein from working properly or to be missing altogether. These genes are located on the X chromosome.
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