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Africa During Enslavement - Coggle Diagram
Africa During Enslavement
The Middle Passage
The trip across the Atlantic
In protest, some Africans would refuse food, and the crewmen would whip and flog them. They were fed just enough to survive.
The ceilings were very low and they were shackled so tightly they could not move.
The crew closely watched them and chained them up to avoid the enslaved people jumping overboard.
Often witnessed the death of others due to disease.
No place to go to the restroom, which created a breeding ground for diseases like measles, dysentery, smallpox, etc.
Strategically placed so they could fit hundreds of chained people below deck
Triangular Slave trade
The primary products the enslaved produced were sugar, tobacco, cotton, hemp, and alchohol.
Their products would be imported back to Europe and or to the 13 colonies.
The manufactured goods in Europe would be brought to Africa to develop their colonies in Africa.
Europeans captured Africans and took them across the Atlantic to work on plantations in South America, the Caribbean, and modern-day United States
The people involved?
Plantation owners: they had a hatred for black people, otherwise they would never have forced them to do grueling work and torture them(emotionally and physically)- they did not think their actions were immoral.
African raiders: they were African chiefs who captured their people and sold them to slave traders. They saw commonfolk as inferior and abused their power.
The enslaved: they were the victims of enslavement and were subjected to immoral treatment and torture.
European traders: they exploited African peoples for power. They believed African people were animalistic, which they used to dehumanize them and justify torture; they saw Africans as money/a business opportunity, not human beings.
Abolition movement
In 1846, the National Anti-Slavery Bazaar was held by the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. The society fundraised by selling abolitionist merchandise/paraphernalia, household items, and publications to fund the abolition of enslaved people.
The Liberator, an abolitionist journal, established by William Lloyd Garrison in 1831 gained a lot of traction and attention. Frederick Douglas also helped him organize the paper, but created his own, Northern Star.
The first abolition organization was the Pennsylvania Abolition society, established in 1775, with high-status members like George Washington and Benjamin Franklin.
Another form of the abolition movement was escaping enslavement and starting a new life. In the 1830s, the Underground Railroad, which was to describe a series of paths and trails followed from the southern U.S to the north, where slavery was less abundant and enslaved people could find freedom.
Resistance
Rebellion from the enslaved
Active resistance: Violent and confrontational protest methods meant to be noticed and have a large effect on their oppressors. E.g refusing the commands of enslavers, hurting/killing their enslavers, and escape.
In result of active resistance, enslaved people would face extreme repercussions; some were whipped, and some were sentenced to the death penalty via burning to death, lynching, etc.
Passive resistance: non violent protest that is not always noticeable or clear; examples are sabotage of equipment, pretending not to understand, completing work slowly, etc.