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1912-1916 - Coggle Diagram
1912-1916
War
Nationalists believed Home Rule would come into effect after a short war. for Unionists the war was a way to show their loyalty to king and country
in august and september 1914, there was a wave of sympathy for Belgium. in a speech at Woodenbridge county Wicklow, Redmond encouraged members of the irish Volunteers to join the British Army
170,000 followed Redmond and became known as the National Volunteers, 25,000 of which joined the British army
11,000 followed MacNeill and kept title of Irish Volunteers
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IRB : England's difficulty is irelands opportunity, and set about planning an armed rebellion
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while the war continued extremists began to fill the political vacuum left by the decline in influence of Redmond and the Home Rule Party.
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Home Rule Crisis
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the house of lords, strongly conservative, was bound to reject it but could only delay its passage for up to two years
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Westminster would control coinage, taxation, P.O., issues of war and peace
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Irish Volunteers
November 1913 Prof. Eoin MacNeill calls for formation of an organisation of irish Volunteers to counter the pressure coming from the UVF
MacNeill was a nationalist from Antrim, a founder of the Gaelic League and a Professor of irish History
in an article titled "The North Began" published in an Claideamh Soluis he praised Unionists for starting a group, and called on nationalists to do the same
on 25 November irish Volunteers were formed at the Rotunda Hall in Dublin, with MacNeill as leader. the Volunteers grew rapidly and had over 70,000 members by june 1914
Unknown to MacNeill the Volunteers were heavily infitrated by the IRB, whose aims and tactics were at odds with Home Rule as an Objecitve
the British government now faced a crisis with opposing armed groups in Ireland, and Asquith sought a compromise
Search for a Compromise
By 1914 Redmond had come to accept that Antrim, Armagh, Down and Derry would be excluded in some way from Home Rule
Similarly, Carson had come to agree that Donegal, Cavan and Monaghan would be included in Home Rule
Both sides refused to give up Fermanagh and Tyrone, which had slight nationalist majorities
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Offered a six year period of exclusion for Ulster, which Carson remarked was like a death sentence with a six year stay of execution, and also rejected
as political situation remained deadlocked, both groups of Volunteers continued strenghtening their positions
Failure to agree
Home Rule was to come into law in September 1914. King George V offered Buckingham Palace as a setting for a conference
Asquith and Lloyd George for the Liberal Government were joined by Home Rule leaders, Redmond and Dillon
on the other side sat Conservative leaders, Bonar Law and Lord Landsdowne, with Carson and Craig for the Unionist Party
no agreement could be made on fermanagh and Tyrone and the conference broke down in failure on 24th July
On August 4th Britain had joined the great war, and Home Rule was suspended until the end of hostilities
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Curragh Mutiny
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The British Government assured them that no such procedures were planned and Asquith's position was greatly weakened
Nationalists took this to mean that would have to rely more and more on their own resources to achieve a degree of self-government
Gun Running
24 April vast quantities of arms were imported in the Larne Gun Running- the British Government made no attempt to arrest or punish those involved
on 26 july 1914, the Volunteers landed arms at Howth aboard Erskine Childer's yacht, The Asgard. the police and british army attempted to intervene
later in the day British army troops opened fire on jeering crowds in Bachelor's Walk, killing five people
in June 1914 John Redmond moved to take control of the Volunteers, MacNeill and the other leaders allowed him to appoint 25 members of the provisional committee to avoid a slpit