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Eye disorders: Astigmatism - Coggle Diagram
Eye disorders: Astigmatism
Definition
nonspherical (variable) curvature of the cornea or lens causes light rays of different orientations (eg, vertical, oblique, horizontal) to focus at different points.
Signs and Symptoms
blurred vision for distant and near objects
excessive blinking or rubbing of the eyes especially in children
Frowning and squinting when reading
redness
foreign body sensation
visual fatigue
itching
Prolonged squinting
excessive ciliary muscle tone can cause headaches
Causes
disease or surgery
develop after an eye injury
may be present from birth,
Treatment
Refractive surgery
Contact lenses
Eyeglasses
Diagnostic tests
Visual acuity testing
Refraction
Comprehensive eye examination
Pathophysiology
Astigmatism occurs when either the front surface of the eye (cornea) or the lens inside the eye has mismatched curves. Instead of having one curve like a round ball, the surface is egg-shaped. This causes blurred vision at all distances.
Nursing assessment
Subjective data
Family history of ophthalmic conditions
Objective data
Assess for signs of infection, foreign objects on the eye, discharge
Nursing care plan
Desired outcomes
Nursing intervention and Rationale
References
Dhaliwal, D., 2020. overview pf Refractive error. university of pittsburgh school of medicine,.
Nurseslabs. 2022. 1,000+ Nursing Care Plans: The Ultimate Guide and Database for Free. [online] Available at:
https://nurseslabs.com/nursing-care-plans/
[Accessed 10 May 2022].