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Linear kinetics & Newton´s Laws - Coggle Diagram
Linear kinetics & Newton´s Laws
Instantaneous and average kinematics
The velocity or acceleration calculated over a long time is usually called average velocity or acceleration. The velocity or acceleration when the time is very nearly zero is called the instantaneous velocity or acceleration, and may be calculated in two ways.
Average velocities and accelerations are much simpler to calculate. The change in displacement is simply divided by the time taken to get the velocity, and the change in velocity is divided by the time taken to get the acceleration.
As velocities and accelerations (linear and angular) involve division by time, the values obtained will depend on the duration over which the measurement is made.
Linear kinetics
Gravity
is an attractive force between objects which is related to their masses (the amount of material in them) and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Mass and weight
Mass is the amount of material in a body or object. It is usually measured in kilograms, but is not its weight. Weight is the effect of the force of gravity on mass.
Force
Force is sometimes described as a push or a pull. is simply the mechanical interaction that goes on between two objects or bodies.
Angular kinetics
The size of the torque created depends on three factors:
the size of the force
the direction of the force
how far it is applied from the axis of rotation.
Torque is measured in Nm and is a vector (has size and direction).
If a force is applied to an object that is free to rotate around an axis, as long as the force is applied so that it does not act through the axis
Conservation of linear momentum
the linear momentum changes will be the same for the two objects.
There is an experimental law formulated by Newton that states that the difference in velocities of the two objects is directly related to the difference in velocities before the collision
During collisions between two bodies or objects, the total linear momentum of the objects involved is conserved
Linear momentum and linear impulse
Linear impulse is force multiplied by the time it acts for (J = Ft) and is also a vector.
Relation.
As the mass of a body or object does not usually change, this will equate to a change in velocity.
Linear momentum is the property an object has due to its movement.
Newton’s laws of motion
Second law of motion.
Force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration (law of acceleration).
Third law of motion.
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction (law of reaction).
First law of motion.
Bodies or objects stay where they are or keep moving unless acted on by an unbalanced force (law of inertia).
BY : Juan Pablo Gonzalez