Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

theory and methods - Coggle Diagram

- - - - social order is achieved through a shared culture in a central value system
      - social order is only possible if people agree on these values. Parson calls this value consensus
    - - socialisation: social system can ensure its needs are met through teaching individuals to internalise the norms and values
      - social control: positive sanctions reward conformity and negative ones punish deviance
    - - Adaptation: material needs are met through the economic sub system
      - Goal attainment: goals are set and resources are allocated to meet them
      - Integration: different parts of the system must be integrated together to pursue shared goals e.g religion and media
      - Latency: refers to the processes that maintain society over time
    - - Parsons identifies 2 types of society traditional and modern each has its own set of norms
      - traditional society: individuals are expected to put collective interests first, status is ascribed and they are judged by particularistic standards
      - modern society: pursue our individual self interest, achieve our status and are all judged by the same universalistic standards
- - - - Ancient society: based on the exploitation of slaves tied to their owners
      - Feudal society: based on the exploitation of serfs legally tied to land
      - Capitalist society: based on the exploitation of free wage labourers
    - - Different from other class societies due to 4 features
      - 1) the proletariat are legally seperated from the means of production. They have to sell their labour power in return for wages to survive
      - 2) the means of production is in the hands of transnational corporations
      - 3) capitalism continually expands the forces of production in pursuit of profit
      - 4) concentration of ownership causes class polarisation