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AUTHORITARIANISM AND TOTALITARIANISM, Italian fascism, image, image, image…
AUTHORITARIANISM AND TOTALITARIANISM
In Germany
authoritarian dictatorships came to power
power
was concentrated in the hands of a supreme leader
one ruling political party
Various factors
The war had aroused nationalist feeling
The power of the state increased with state intervention
The First World War had established habits of military organisation
New parties were formed that represented the working masses
Characteristics
Foreign policy
these regimes pursued an expansionist foreign policy
to gain
new territories
new markets
Economy
the state intervened in and controlled the economy
Politics
the government was an authoritarian dictatorship
was therefore an anti-democratic government
Society
almost all the classes of society supported the regime
informed by the state
The USSR: Stalinism
Definition
was the system of totalitarian government which was established in the USSR
Characteristics
The economy
was planned and controlled by the state
The objectives
nationalisation of existing industries
the construction of hydraulic works
collectivisation of land
Social equality
education
housing for all citizens
guaranteeing healthcare
All political power
was held by Stalin
also
maintained the CPSU as the only political party
tried to spread communism across Europe through the Komintern
approved the Constitution of 1936
Definition
was the system of authoritarian government
established by Benito Mussolini in Italy
In 1921
Mussolini formed the National Fascist Party
frustrated by the government's inability to end social unrest
Following measures
In economy
An
autarky
was set up
large scale public works projects were begun
Mussolini's social policies
put an end to the unrest because he removed workers' rights
such as
the right to a union
to strike
In politics
In 1926
he transferred all power to himself
Nazi Germany
Definition
was the system of dictatorship
established by Adolf Hitler in Germany
In 1921
Adolf Hitler became the leader of the
National Socialist German Workers' Party
(NSGWP)
commonly known as the Nazi Party
adopted the following measures
In 1934
he was proclaimed head of state
he established the
Third Reich
great economic development
Unemployment fell due to a programme of public works
the development of the arms industry
Italian fascism
