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Deconstruction, weaknesses - Coggle Diagram
Deconstruction
VARIABLES
Controlled Variable
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People in the same group had the same words, and same audio and listened to it at the same time.
this is important as different words could have been easier/harder to recall, because this is not the independant variable and could wouldn't have shown the proper effect of the audios.
The audio was the voice of the same women. The depth, accents and timbres of different voices could affect the ability to remember certain words or understand the description
weaknesses
Number of participants in each group wasn't the same. It was Group 1 (audio 1) had 13, group 2 (audio 2 ) had 13, and group 3 (audio 3) had 12. Different amounts of people give different averages, which may have contributed to why group 3 had a higher average number of words recalled.
How people recorded their list of words wasn't the same. Some people did it on their laptops, some in their psychology notebooks or planners. Different mediums of collecting raw data could have impacted the results because there is a chance people opened their word documents during the audio was running. This could have led to a shift in focus that could have affected their results.
Audio 3 that has description that evokes positive-imagery, but there's no guarantee that it's positive for the participant, or if they are even able to visualize it.
description of the words, especially for audio 2 could have done the opposite effect and made the person focus on the other words in the description, not memorizing the actually listed word.
improvements
timer was distracting, would make loud noises that distracted the owner of the phone, as well as the people around.Instead of individual timers a group one run by the conductor that could not be seen to the students would have been more efficient so that they could completely focus on listing down the words they remembered.
Extraneous Variable- such as background nose, effectiveness of headphones due to different brands, whether it was conducted in the morning or in the lesson before lunch, and brain focus due to that.
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distractions of other people typing/ writing, can throw person of track as their mind shifts to focus on the distractions
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Dependant Variable
advantages
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Validity of this: if accurately and honestly collected, it can withstand possible bias
Reliability of this: number of words is quantitative data that is in the form of discrete numerical results. Can be easily put into the form of graphs and tables in order to analyze the impact of positive imagery clearly
disadvanatages
reliability on "honesty". People could have lied about results which would effect average group recollection results
Participant Variables
Lower literacy levels due to personal educational background, and if English isn’t their first language could have affected their ability to remember the words
Situational Variables
The situation in which they conducted the experiment could have affected the results. Some people did it in the morning, some after lunch in the afternoon where participants feel less attentive than when they do in the morning. Some people did it at home. The environment between school and home is different and could have impacted the results due to the participant's emotions and moods they felt in the environment.
For example, they could feel anxiety doing this at school, feeling like it was like an exam, but at home they could feel more calm.
Ethics
strengths
Given the chance to leave the experiment at any time, adhering to the ethical rule of right to withdraw
forms were given out to Legal Guardians to sign if they consented for their child to participate. Participants over 16 gave their own consent through signing the participation forms.
Weaknesses
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Information about the results that were trusted to be private as per the conduct of the investigation to be accessible to others. This may harm participants if their personal results could be used to harm them and their privacy.
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weaknesses
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results cannot be generalized to wider population, neither represent adequately Year 11 Students due to their prior knowledge in memory recall. Could present as bias.
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