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James 1 and Parliament - Coggle Diagram
James 1 and Parliament
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Parliaments
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1621-22
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145,000 voted in subsidies in response to palatinate invasion
conflict over foreign policy and the Spanish match, which sparked question of Parliament should be involved in foreign policy
conflict over monopolies when parliament attacked them, however James gave up some monopolies such as that for gold and silver thread
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James asserted his rights in a letter from Newmarket, stating that they derived their rights from him
MP's drew up a protestation which 1/3 signed, James rejected it and dissolved p.
1624-25
300,000 voted for a war with Spain, but James really wanted more
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cornfields impeachment, as James chose not to protect him in return for subsidiies
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Finance
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1603-1612
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Robert Cecil (earl of Salisbury), when he took over as Lord Treasurer in 1608, discovered a crown debt of 579,000 and an annual loss of 178,000. He attempted the first reforms
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New book of rates which revised custom duties in line with inflation and introduced impositions on 1,400 itemswhih brought in over 600,000 pa.
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GREAT CONTRACT
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proposed to parliament that they should repay crown debts of 600k and give the crown an annual sum of 200,000 in return for the surrender of feudal rights to wardships and purveyance.
Initially they were sympathetic, but they soon turned against it, worried that this would decrease their leverage over James and how they could ensure to raise 200000 a year
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It was also discovered that this would not make the king money overall, amounting to a loss of 115000
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Whan salisbury died in 1612, debts stood at around 500,000 and the annual deficit f 160000, so he had only marginally improved the crown position, despite many attempts at reform.
He failed beacasue of the kings lack of interest in reform and inability to restrain his expenditure
He also failed because of the refusal of many elements int he court gov and p to grapple seriously with the need for change
1612-21
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Earl of Suffolk was Lord treasurer who mad Eno attempt to limit the king's expenditure. Reform was shelved and they moved towards making money from selling titles
Baronets would retail for 1095 each and brought in almost 91,000
1615 focus shifted towards selling peerages, with earldoms selling for 10k
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The king found it very hard to get parliamentary grants in this period, with them wanting to debate impositions more
Suffolk was removed in 1618 and the treasury was placed in the hands of a commission. despite concerted efforts the debts stood around 900k in 1620
COckayne plan - wanted to only export finished cloth, plan had to be abandoned because of riots and protests in the north due to production stopping whilst facilites were built
1621-25
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he sved 18k in the household, uncovered waste and corruption in the navy, cut spending of royal wardrobe by 50%
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Cornfields career demonstrated that no matter how much one tries, the Kings cooperation is required for it have an impact. as James' support and practice of these was minimal, they were not very impactful.
by the end of his reign crown debt had risen to over 1 mil, the financial issues on ascension were never really dealt with and it caused many problems with parliament
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James could not keep giving gifts, especially to buckingham, even when he promised to only if they were approved by the treasurer
Foreign policy
1603-1618
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England was part of a long and costly war with Spain, to protect Englands interests bu preventing a spanish conquest of the Netherlands
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up until 1618 foreign policy as successful, as England kept out of costly wars and improved its prestige through his negotiations
1618-25
Thrity years war broke out and James felt he should have a Spanish match to use Spain to pressure the Habsburgs out of the Palatinate
Received a bad reaction in Parliament because Spain were catholic, James viewed this as an infringement on his prerogative and dissolved them
1623 - James was frustrated at the impasse of the marriage negotiations so sent Buckingham and Charles to personally approach the daughter of the king of Spain. The trip acheived nothing and only angered the spanish who would only allow the marriage for religious confessions in England, such as restoration of Catholic public worship
A naval war was to be waged on Spain, which involved capturing Spanish trading ships and trade routes.
This war never materialised and the spanish match was abandoned and the prospect of restoring his son in law from the palatinate were bleak
extravagance
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Ante-supper, a whole supper served before the real one, just for looking at
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Hay received gifts totalling 400k, a years royal income
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