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Meningitis - Coggle Diagram
Meningitis
Clinical manifestation
Flu-like prodome
Neck stiffness
Brudzinski's and kernig's sign
Convulsions
Dehydration and shock
Vomiting
Septicaema
Septic shock
Septic arthritis
Pathophysiology
Meninges become swollen and inflamed
Inflammatory exudate increases intracranial pressure
Infection causes an increase in the CSF production
Pressure that is measurable on lumbar puncture
Inflammatory reaction causes irritation of cerebral tissues and may cause convulsions
The inflamed and irritated meninges cause neck stiffness and headache
Healing may leave scar tissue I the meninges which may cause seizures
Inflammatory scar tissue may also block the CSF drainage channels causing hydrocephalus
Nursing Management
Administration of antibiotics and anti viral agents
Give anticonvulsant to prevent convulsions
Observe the patient's neurological status and prevent further deterioration
Reduce high temp by tepid sponging
Give paracetamol for painful headache and neck stiffness
Nurse patient in a quiet environment
Encourage patient to rest and sleep
Causes
A bacterial or viral infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord
injuries
Tumour
Certain drugs
Definition
Infection and inflammation of the meninges