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12 Digestive Urinary Concept Map Daniela Estrada, Period.7, …
12 Digestive Urinary Concept Map
Daniela Estrada, Period.7, 05/03/2022
Major functions of the urinary system
It filters salt and wastes from the blood. It also helps maintain normal concentration of electrolytes and water. It regulates pH and body fluid volume. It also helps control red blood cell production and blood pressure.
Major organs of the urinary systems
kidney's: it is a reddish brown bean shaped organ and 12 cm long. It's enclosed in a tough fibrous capsule and the kidney also filters the blood.
Uterus: it transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Urinary bladder: It stores the urine.
Urethra: It conveys urine to the outside of the body.
Nephron anatomy and physiology
The nephron is a functional unit of kidney and it can produce urine indepentently.
There is 1 million nephrons per kidney
It also consists of renal corpuscle and renal tubule.
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
I.B.D.: It is inflammation of the intestinal lining.
Peptic Ulcers: this is when the sores occur in the lining of the stomach.
G.E.R.D.: it is a chronic didease that occurs when esopheal sphincter relaxes this allwos the contents of the stomach to move back to the esophagus.
Peptic Ulcers: this is when the sores occur in the lining of the stomach
Colon disease: polyps is the disease of growth
Spastic Colon: is abnormal abdominal conditions
Cholecytitis: it is an infection in the gallbladder.
Urinary Diseases
UTI: it is a abnormal growth bacteria anywhere along the urinary tract combined with symptoms and women have the higher risk of getting this.
Kidney stones: This happens when your urine is in high levels in minerals and salt so hard stones end up forming.
Bladder cancer: this starts inside the lining of the bladder and someone who has this will have one or more tumors
Major organs of the digestive system
Esophagus: This is when the peristalsis pushes food down to the stomach
Stomach: it secretes acids and enzymes and mixes food with the secretions to begin enzymatic digestion of proteins.
Mouth: this is the mechanical breakdown of food and begin chemical digestion of carbonhydrates.
Small intestine: it mixes food with bile and pancreatic juice. the enzymatic breakdown food molecules.
Pancreas: it produces and secretes pancreatic juice and it contains digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the small intestine.
Large intestine: absorbs water and electrolytes to form feces.
Gallbladder:it stores and concentrates bile and releases it into the small intestine.
Liver: it produces bile which emulsifies fat
Salivary glands: this secretes saliva which contain enzymes that initate the breakdown of carbonhydrates.
Pharynx: this connects the mouth with the esophagus rectum, this regulates elimination of feces.
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Muscularis: it consists of 2 layers of smooth muscle; inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer.
Serosa: it is the outer most layer or visceral peritoneum.
Submucosa: it lies under mucosa
Mucosa: it is the inner layer of the wall
Digestive enzymes (including names and functions)
Pepsine: this begins protein digestion
Pancreatic Amylase: breaks down starch into disaccharides.
Salivary Amylase: this begins the carbonhydrate digestion by breaking down starch to disaccharides.
Pancreatic lipase: breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Proteolytic enzymes: it breaks down proteins or partially digested into peptides.
Nucleases: it breaks down nucleic acids into nucleotides.
Peptidase: breaks down peptides into amino acids.
Sucrase, maltase lactase: it breaks down disaccharides into monosaccharides.
Intestinal lipase: breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol.
Enterokinase: this converts trysinogen into trypsin.
Major functions of the digestive system
Chemical digestion: it breaks down large nutrient molecule into smaller chemicals by breaking chemical bond.
Mechanical digestion: this breaks down large pieces of food into smaller ones and chemical composition is not changed in the process.
Digestion: the mechanical and chemical of foods and absorption of nutrients. the digestive system carries out the processed food of the digestion.