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Victorian Literature, Culture, and Power. - Coggle Diagram
Victorian Literature, Culture, and Power.
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Morality of Victorians
Sarah Stickney Ellis, from “The Women of England” • Women were the moral beings that men needed to remember and follow when they were having public sphere moral conundrums
Friedrich Engels, from The Great Towns
• Worked to address the workers directly
• This shows that some Victorians did not think that speaker to lower classes was wrong, and thus morally they should be helping all
Thomas Babington Macaulay, from “A Review of Southey’s Colloquies”
• Morally believed that improving workers conditions were not a moral cause Victorians should take up
• Represented he middle class incrementalism morals
Southey “Industrialism: Progress or Decline?”
• Believed moral had declined and people should work to go back to morals that existed “before Victorian time”
Thomas Carlyle, from Past and Present
• Questions arise on whether there is a moral need for captains of industry to take care of their workers
• This comes for social switch in vertical and horizontal social class structures
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto
• The need to partake in communism as a way of bettering the world
• Is a moral argument for the value structure Victorians should be taking in the approach collective action and collective care?
Gaskell, North and South
• Novel frames Margret as “ideal” moral woman and Mr. Thornton as the man that need her female moral guidance
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Sexual Rebellion
Dever, “Everywhere and Nowhere”
• Various power structure accidentally displays the gender disparities that so many work to conceal
• Those paving a road for public discourse against sexual repression
Late Victorian Writings on the New Woman
• The new woman was a sexual rebellion against the old ideas of the domestic sphere, quiet woman
• The new woman worked to pave a path of independence
Greg Buzwell, “Daughters of Decadence: The New Woman at the Victorian fin de siècle”
• The new woman as incredibly interested in sex (SHOCKING!)
• A change from the past notions of woman as non-sexual beings
Michel Foucault, from The History of Sexuality, Volume One
• There is a phenomenon where we believe we are being subversive when we are talking about sex
• However, this subversive idea makes us think we are changing the narrative around sex because we are being brave enough to talk about sex
Matthew Arnold, from Culture and Anarchy (C)
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• Therefore, sexual rebellion should know the seen as bad, but instead art should be viewed through its aesthetic quality
• Sexual rebellion is not to be evaluated in art, only the aesthetic should b
Charles Kains Jackson, “The New Chivalry” (C)
• New Chivalry is a man-to-man relationship of mentorship
• This in contrast to old romantic relationships of men and women •
The goal is to create a more m
oral group of Victorians
• Rebelling against the past ideas of what relationships should look like between men
Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray
• Novel works to paint a picture of sexual rebellion by toeing the line of queerness while being open enough to evade some claims of sexual rebellion within its discourse
Haggard, She•
Aisha is the new woman who is tempting the men into sin
• She is the embodiment of the sexual rebellion that powers in Victorian England feared
Psychological hierarchy
Susan Meyer, “Indian Ink”
• White people inherently had superior psychological power
• Hierarchy goes men, women THEN people of color
Nathan Hensley, “Empire”
• England was the leader in instituting their rule because they were psychologically stronger and thus could strengthen other countries through their superiority in psychology and economic ideas
Cannon Schmitt, “‘The sun and moon were made to give them light’”
• Odd dynamic where men where men were able to be in power but still had a violent side of terror that reflected the heinous side of colonialism
• Helps scholars to understand that the two-faced side of men and their psychological state was not a weakness but instead a sign of power and superiority, this in contrast to the weakness of a woman who is not strong in her morality and good
Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man’s Burden” (C) and “Empire and National Identity”
• White men had the psychological strength and psychological knowledge to automatically assume they should be in power
• This led to white men colonizing other countries to spread their “skills” in psychological superiority
Havelock Ellis, from Studies in the Psychology of Sex
• Queer Victorians are psychologically deviant; however they should not be punished because they make art that benefit the psychotically correct and uplift the psychologically correct Victorians consciousness
Brontë, Jane Eyre
• A story on how race played in the psychological hierarchy of Victorian England
• Bertha being a person of color and the “crazy one”, then Jane, then the men
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