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Disorders of the external ear - Coggle Diagram
Disorders of the external ear
Otitis externa
Definition
This is an infection in the Auricle and external ear canal . Auricle is also affected and this can cause swelling in the ear canal .
Pathophysiology
microorganisms that cause the disease may be bacterial or fungal which gained entry through a crack in the skin as a result of trauma. For example pricking your ear with a sharp objects. Sometimes when swimming water can be trapped in the ear and may change the flora of the external ear canal to produce infection
Clinical manifestations
Pain in the ear
, tenderness in the ear
Serous drainage from the ear
Redness in the ear
Swelling in the skin lining the ear
Nursing management
apply warm compress to reduce pain
administer medication prescribed (antibiotics) to clear the infection
keep the ear clean and dry
Assess hearing ability frequently
-Myringotomy or the incision of the eardrums may be performed to establish drainage and to insert tiny tubes into the tympanic membrane to facilitate drainage.
Causes
-bacterial microorganism
-fungal micro organisms
-prickling of ear
-trapped water when swimming
Perichondritis
Definition
Inflammation of the covering of the cartilage of the pinna the perichondrium, the infection may be more haematogeous as a result of infection somewhere in the injury from otitis externa ,mastoiditis or microorganism may gain entry from cuts in the cartilage
Clinical manifestations
pain in the pinna
swelling in the pinna
abscess
Phathophysiology
The most common type of bacteria that causes perichondritis infection is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Perichondritis is usually caused by an injury to the ear due to: Ear surgery. Ear piercing
Nursing Plan
Broad -spectrum antibiotics
apply soothing heat
incision and drainage
emphasize personal hygiene by teaching the patient how to wash the infected ear
encourage the the patient to complete the cause of prescribe antibiotics
Causes
-trauma to the head
-bacterial
-injury to the ear
Ear Abscess
Definition)
Phathophysiology
Ear infections are triggered through micro organism and viruses. Many times, an ear infection starts offevolved after a cold or different respiratory infection. The bacteria or virus travel into the center ear through the eustachian tube (there’s one in every ear). This tube connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. The micro organism or virus can additionally reason the eustachian tube to swell. This swelling can cause the tube to grow to be blocked, which continues normally produced fluids to build up in the center ear rather of being able to be drained away.
Infection that usually occurs following infection of the hair follicle which results in the furuncle or abscess .
Clinical manifestations
-ear pain, which can be severe
itchiness in the ear canal
a discharge of liquid or pus from the ear
some degree of temporary hearing loss
Management
-Apply a warm cloth to the affected ear.
Take pain medication such as ibuprofen
-Use prescription ear drops to relieve pain.
-Avoid sleeping on the affected ear
-Most often, ear tubes are placed in your ears to allow fluid to drain out. These tubes are surgically inserted into your eardrums. They eventually fall out and the holes heal over. Sometimes these holes need to be closed surgically.
Causes
-allergy
-coldness
-bacteria
-viruses