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Simples Machine and Levers, Examples - Coggle Diagram
Simples Machine and Levers
6 types of Simple Machines
Wheel and Axle
Definition
It has a wheel that is locked to a central axle and they rotate each other when a force is applied on either one of them
Examples
Wheels on a Car, Trolleys, Door Hinges and Marry-Go-Round
Screws
Definition
It is the most commonly used machines in the world. It is a machine that converts rotational motion into linear
Examples
G-clamps and Corkscrew
Wedge
Definition
Wedge is the active twin of a inclined plane. But unlike inclined plane, which is stationary, a wedge does useful work by moving. It consists of two stationary two inclined planes, the planes meet and form a shard edge
Examples
Knife and Saw
Incline Plane
Definition
An inclined plane is a ramp that assists moving object up and down heights
Pulley
Definition
A pulley has a fixed axle with a groove along edged to guide a rope.
Examples
Escalator and Flag pole
Lever
Definition
Is a rigid body that is used with a pivot to multiply the effects of an applied force when doin work against a load force.
Examples
Tools like Pliers and Scissors, Bottle Opener and Door Handles
Levers
Definition
It is a rigid body that is used with a pivot to multiply the effects of an applied force when doin work against a load force.
Consists of
It consist of a Effort (applied force given), Long rigid body (forms parts of a lever), Fulcrum (point where the rigid body pivots on, can be at any position along the rigid body - does not have to be in the middle) and a Load (object).
Three types of Levers
First Class Lever
Definition
Fulcrum
between load and effort
Examples
See-saw and Scissors
Second Class Lever
Definition
Load
between fulcrum and effort
Examples
Bottle Opener and Wheelbarrow
Third Class Lever
Definition
Effort
between fulcrum and load
Examples
Mop, Tongs for the foods
Mechanical Advantage
Formula
Mechanical Advantage = Output Force/Input Force
Deriving Mechanical Advantage Using Principle of Moment
Principle of Moment
Clockwise or Anti-Clockwise
Definition
Forces in a lever system can result in clockwise or anti-clockwise moment. We need to determine the point at which we are taking moment about, and look at the force to determine if it is clockwise or anti-clockwise moment about the point.
Formula
Sum of anti-clockwise moment = Sum of Clockwise moments = F1xD1= F2xD2
F is the force and D is the distance between the force and the Pivot.
Specifically for lever systems, using the Principle of Moments formula above, the Mechanical Advantage can also be expressed in terms of distances.
Examples
Stairs, Ramps and Slides