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Feminism & Education - Coggle Diagram
Feminism & Education
MALORY SCHOOL 1959: girls were being prepared to be house wives. They learnt needle work & dress making & boys learnt engineering. Today it is the same to some extent- PE is segregated with boys doing football girls doing trampolining. Feminists would be concerned about Malory school as it limits choice, perpetuates patriarchy & is stereotypical
MARXIST FEMINIST: Hidden curriculum is sexist, it reinforces gender roles which in turn reinforce capitalism.
They look at how education reinforces gender norms which in effect steers individuals to the idea of being apart of a nuclear family which is essential for the continuation of capitalism (EG hierarchy, girls socialised into being neat, language reinforcement)
KELLY: Concerned with gendered roles in books (boys are astronauts, girls are princesses)
KELLY: Also looked at the hierarchy in schools. It gives the message that men are dominant/ should be in authority- this reinforces capitalism.
LIBERAL FEMINIST: There has been some progress (girls doing STEM), we have more choice
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In the 1940's & 50's, under the tripartie system, boys had a lower pass rate for the 11+ than girls- essentially instiutionally failing girls in order to ensure more boys can succeed
Now girls outperform boys HOWEVER MICHELLE STANWORTH noted that there will still be higher expectations of boys & teachers would be more likely to recommend boys apply for higher education than grs at the same academic level
SUE SHARPE: girls aspirations from 1970's to 1990's have changed- used to be focused on family & marriage but now focused on career.
changes in legalisation: Equal Pay Act 1970, Sex Discrimination Act 1976
RADICAL FEMINIST: Most head roles are men, men lead the hierarchy.
Radical Feminists argue that the only way to see an end to patriarchy is when women are freed from the negative (and aggressive) influence of men over women- both physically & emotionally. The classroom & the playground are seen as sources of this type of aggression
MIRIAM DAVID: Women are proportionally more likely to attend new, post 1992 universities than more prestigious institutions
DALE SPENCER: Teachers throughout school give boys & girls different types of attention; she says that girls are praised for appearance, good behaviour & neat work- this might teach girls that they need to look good.
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BLACK FEMINST
point out how not all girls have the same experience in education & that minority-ethnic girls are often victims of specific stereotyping & assumptions (EG teachers might assume that Muslim girls have different aspirations in relation to career & family
EVALUATION
STRENGTHS
It is clear that there is a glass ceiling (a barrier that prohibits women from advancing toward the top of a hierarchal corporation & a gender pay gap- education system might be creating lots of highly-qualified girls, they are still losing out to their male peers when it comes to top jobs & higher incomes
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