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Neural disease - Coggle Diagram

- - - - SNPs in IL2R and IL7R
      - MHC II、DR15 and DQ6 haplotype
      - HLA-DRB1
      - affected
        
        Th17(聚集 leukocytes)
        
        CD4+ TH1(分泌 IFNγ 活化 macrophages)
  - - - target : lipoproteins of myelin sheath
        
        Normal : blue / Abn: white
  - - - white matter demyelination
    - - white & grey matter demyelination
  - - - Congenital myelin
        diseases
        
        X-linked recessive mutation
      - Proteolipid protein 1(PLP1) dysfunction
        
        No normal myelin sheath
    - - seen in ELBW infants
      - OPC dead or can't differentiate to OL
        
        No remyelination
        
        white matter dead
      - Difference w/ hypoxia
        
        can see dead glial cell in hypoxia
- - - - hydrocephalus ex vacuo
  - - - extracellular
      - amyloid core
        
        complement、 proinflammatory
        cytokines、 apolipoproteins
      - dystrophic
        neurite
      - congo-red positive
      - 40 & 42
        
        42 diffuse
    - - pos. = yellow
      - hyperphosphorylated tau protein
    - - MAP2
      - ubiquitin
  - - - Tau
    - - Aβ(mainly) and tau protein
        
        Neocortex 與 limbic cortex atrophy
- - - - PrPsc aggregation
        
        Vacuolation of neurons and glia
        
        neuron degeneration
        
        liquefactive necrosis
    - - Cargo red
      - PAS
    - - sporadic CJD
      - PRNP mutation
        
        β sheet form easily aggregate
        
        PrPSc seed
        
        recruit β sheet form & unfolded PrP
        
        same mechanism but have protective eff.
        
        codon129
      - BSE-contaminated food or kuru
  - - - codon 178
        aspartate substitution for asparagine
    - - But 失眠、ataxia、自律神經障礙等
- - - - hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat expansion