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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATION - Coggle Diagram
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATION
EXTERNAL - girls
feminism
improvement in women rights and opportunities through law = equal pay act 1970
changes in the family
change in priorities= women have careers not just mothers = more independence
employment
sex discrimination act = reduced pay gap = encourages girls in paid work= increasing number of role models for girls
Sharpe 1970 = change in priorities
1970= marriage and children
1990= career then family
INTERNAL - girls
gcse and coursework
Gorard 2005
girls achieve higher due to changes in the system not failing boys
Mitsos + Brown 1998
coursework benefits girls
better at meeting deadlines
spend more time on work
result of early socialisation differences
oral exams= girls more linguistically developed
eval
Elwood= coursework little influence
teacher attention
French + french
boys received more negative attention
francis
boys disciplined more harshly and felt picked on
EXTERNAL - boys
literacy
DCSF = poorer literacy = parents spend less time reading to boys or whe. they do it is mum so reading is seen as feminine
playing for success = raising boys achievement through holding study support at sports centres
decline of traditional jobs
mitsos and brown
'identity crisis'- little prospect of proper job = no self esteem = give up gaining qualifications
eval
decline in jobs was WC which were low paid and low skilled anyway
INTERNAL - boys
shortage of male primary school teachers
Yougov 2017
38% 8-11 year old have no lesson withal teachers
42% said they behave better for male teachers
male teachers can impose strict discipline on boys which females cant
feminisation
sewell 2006
schools don't nurture 'masculine' qualities
don't celebrate competitiveness and leadership
SUBJECT CHOICE
gender role socialsation
norman
stereotypes from early age= encourage to play with different toys
bryne
schools encourage boys to be tough and girls to be quite and clean
subject images
kelly
science is seen as a boys subject
teachers are male
text book examples = boys
peer pressure
paetcher
sport is masculine
dewar
male students called girls lesbian if they participated in sports