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4 - Heritage and wellbeing, Resources used: - Coggle Diagram
4 - Heritage and wellbeing
Benefits of heritage locations
Individual wellbeing
Increased confidence
Increased social connectedness
Higher life satisfaction.
Community wellbeing
Pride of place
social connectedness and in-community support, as well as sense of belonging
Collective empowerment
Outcomes of programmes
Variations in wellbeing outcomes
Local place, contexts and populations
Difficult to provide evidence across settings, activities and interventions.
Some negative impacts
certain activities may aggravate some symptoms
eg a war exhibit aggravating psychosis/trauma for veterans
Adverse affects could be reduces by tailoring the intervention to the needs of individuals.
Engagement
Studies dont aknowledge the nature of the engagement in some cases
Some boosts are more short-lived than in these studies
Som engagement passive
Hobbyist meatal detectors felt the hobby helped mitigate psychological and psysical symptoms for them during the pandemic (both people with and without preexisting mental health conditions)
Dobat, A. et al Forthcoming. Archaeology as ‘self-therapy’: Case studies of metal detecting communities in Britain and Denmark. In Everill, P. and Burnell, K. (ed.) Archaeology, Heritage, and Wellbeing, Routledge
Veterans creating exhibitions in Australia - they collect and exhibit their own stories and past, as well as those in the aftermath. Argues for catharsis and ethics of care and aids in recovery through reconciliation.
Cooke, S. Forthcoming. Exhibitions, healing and sharing the stories of Australian Veterans. In Everill, P. and Burnell, K. (ed.) Archaeology, Heritage, and Wellbeing. Routledge
ISM provides a way for the descendants of those affected by slavery to remember.
Sites related to slavery within historical environments that are still somewhat distant from the community.
EG - the Waterfront Transformation Project
Involved advice from museums and community stakeholders
Benjamin, R. Forthcoming. Wellbeing and Greening Sites of Heritage: a Liverpool Lens. In Everill, P. and Burnell, K. (ed.) Archaeology, Heritage, and Wellbeing. Routledge
Ngadjuri reclaiming of knowledge of traditional lands in the 1990s
Forced relocation from their lands by settlers in the 19 and 20th centuries
Removed connections to sites and traditions, leading to loss of heritage
Smith, C. et al Forthcoming. Using Archaeology to Strengthen Indigenous Social, Emotional and Economic Wellbeing . In Everill, P. and
Burnell, K. (ed.) Archaeology, Heritage, and Wellbeing. Routledge
Wellbeing is connected to community, belonging and autonomy: without these, the individual and the community both suffer.
Archaeological research since 1998
Documented over 600 sites
recorded oral histories
Extensive archival research
Fieldwork has been able to reconnect them with some of the past that was stolen
Evidence
Heritage based cultural activities within museums
(12 studies)
HIGH quality evidence
Increased social connectivity
Increased sense of empowerment
Increased confidence
HIGH + LOW quality evidence
Improved sense of belonging for the wider community.
Heritage object handling in hospital, healthcare etc settings
(13 studies)
HIGH quality evidence
Individuals
Increased positivity
Increased confidence
Visiting museums and heritage sites
(12 studies)
LOW q. evidence
Individuals
Increased satisfaction and happiness
Community
Increased social connectivity within the community
Heritage volunteering
(6 studies)
HIGH + LOW
Individuals
Improved social connectivity
Improved skills and learning
Heritage-based social inclusion projects
(9 studies)
HIGH+LOW
Community
Increased social connectivity
Increased social capital
Increased empowerment
Activities in historic landscapes and parks
(4 studies)
LOW
Increased sense of prise of place
(Community AND individuals)
Community archaeology/community heritage research
(6 studies)
HIGH+LOW
Individual
Increase confidence
Increase satisfaction
Increase empowerment
Community
Increased sense of belonging
Increased empowerment
Increased social connectivity
Living in historical places
(7 studies)
LOW
community + individuals
positive
Sense of pride
Sense of place
Social capital
Local economy
negative
Disturbance from heritage - led regeneration projects
Disturbance from heavy tourism
Limitations of evidence
no use of control groupsLack of research in rural and coastal communities
Unable to change methodology to make more scientific, this could stop interventions from being able to be tailored by the community for individuals
lack of longitudinal studies
no random selection
Small groups
Small sample sizes
Didnt account for different income backgrounds of individuals
Future studies
Need to take into account the complexities of community settings and contexts
coordinated, including stakeholders of sites, the community and others
Used to develop an evidence - based framewok for use in the heriage sector
Operation Nightingale
Focuses on the rehabilitation of military veterans through archaeological fieldwork
Supports the recovery and transition back to civilian life
Teaches transferable skills
Sites can run for multiple years and in different countries.
Provides mental and physical health support throughout revovery
Peer support is important while recieving professional help
Allows past experiences to be talked about and made sense of without alarming loved ones
Camradery between veterans lowers isolation
Why it works
Tasks are physically and skill demanding
Risk-reward is high - sense of accomplishment
Responsibility of some tasks
Mindfulness
Taskd, such as the physical aspects and the paperwork provide distraction
Many offshoots since founding in 2011
focuses in the UK, but growing interest and branches worldwide
Greater number of placements available to offer
Outcomes
Lower severity of symptoms
Before the programme
Depression levels
22 moderate-severe
14 none/mild/minimal
Anxiety
22 moderate - severe
14 mild
Wellbeing score (lowest can be 14, mean of general pop is 51)
Mean=37.56
Isolation level (0-4, 4 being the most isolated)
16 level 3/4
Feeling of value (0-4, 4 being the least)
10 0-1
After the programme
Depression levels
12 moderate - severe
24 none/minimal/mild
Anxiety
10 moderate - severe
26 mild
Wellbeing score
Mean=48.44
Isolation (0-4)
3 level 3/4
Feeling of value (0-4, 4 being the least valued)
15 0-1
Initiative started in response to a growing number of untreated and isolated veterans
Successor to:
The Royal Hostpital at Chelsea est.1681
Greenwich Hospital est 1705
Sailor's Rests est mid. 19th century
Ex-servicemen's Welfare Society, 1919
Resources used:
What Works Wellbeing (2019) Heritage and Wellbeing. Available at:
https://whatworkswellbeing.org/resources/heritage-and-wellbeing-2/
[accessed 05-2022]
Evril. P. et al (2020) Dig in: an evaluation of the role of archaeological fieldwork for the improved wellbeing of military veterans. Available at:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/dig-in-an-evaluation-of-the-role-of-archaeological-fieldwork-for-the-improved-wellbeing-of-military-veterans/395F301E7BD14F5F5AC8D22BD1F90F99
. [Accessed 05-22]