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S+S of Infection, myco leprae (slow) "Hansen's Disease",…

- - - - Neuro
        
        Skin/MSK
        
        Gram :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Branched filamentous :palm_tree:
        
        :blowfish: Normal flora
        
        AFB :no_entry:
        
        1 more item...
        
        :airplane: Abnormal flora
        
        AFB :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Cocci
        
        Catalase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Coagulase :no_entry:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Coagulase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Catalase :no_entry:
        
        alpha
        
        1 more item...
        
        Catalase :no_entry:
        
        alpha
        
        1 more item...
        
        Baciili
        
        :airplane:Bacilli
        
        B anthracis
        
        1 more item...
        
        :blowfish:Bacilli
        
        Clostridia
        
        1 more item...
        
        Branched filamentous :palm_tree:
        
        :blowfish: Normal flora
        
        AFB :no_entry:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Yersinia pestis
        
        Pseudomonas
        
        Vibrio vulnificus
        
        Bartonella henselae
        
        Other
        
        Darkfield visible
        (No LPS)
        Heat Labile :fire:
        Slow
        Fibronectin
        Low antigen
        
        Treponemes
        
        Treponemes pallidum
        
        2 more items...
        
        Treponemes (Yaws, Pinta, Bejel)
        
        3 more items...
        
        atyp mycobacteria
        
        M. Marinum
        
        Hand infection in aquarium handler
        
        Mycolic acid (Cord factor)
        Glycolipid
        
        Gram :no_entry:
        
        Intracellular
        
        R. rikettsii
        
        Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
        
        1 more item...
        
        Doxycycline :pill:
        
        R. Prowazekki
        
        Lice
        
        1 more item...
        
        Doxycycline :pill:
        
        R. Typhi
        
        Endemic typhus (milder)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Doxycycline :pill:
        
        :cyclone:
        
        Borellia
        
        :star: Western Blot
        
        1 more item...
        
        Curved Rods
        
        Vibrio vulnificus
        
        Cellulitis :arrow_right: Nec Fasc
        :beer: Liver patients
        Quick death
        
        Debridement :hocho:
        
        Fungi
        
        Lipophilic
        
        PAS Stain
        Spaghetti and meatballs
        
        Pityriasis versicolor
        
        3 more items...
        
        Dematiaceous
        Brown/Black on agar
        Central septum on microscopy
        
        Tinea nigra
        
        brown/black macular
        asymptomatic lesions
        involves palms and soles
        irregular edges
        looks like melanoma
        
        :pill:Miconazole
        
        Hortae wenerckii agent
        
        Black Piedra
        
        Hard black
        gritty nodules on hair.
        Sand hair
        
        South America,
        South Asia,
        East Indies
        
        :pill:Miconazole
        hygiene
        
        Piedraia Hortae agent
        
        White Piedra
        
        Light nodules on hair
        Soft hair
        
        Trichosporon beigelii
        
        :pill:Miconazole
        hygiene
        
        Dermatophytes
        
        Hair perforation :heavy_plus_sign:
        Urease :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Microsporum canis
        
        1 more item...
        
        Powdery khaki,
        brown hard colonies
        Macroconidia are
        club/ beaver tail shaped
        
        Hair perforation :no_entry:
        urease :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Hair perforation :no_entry:
        urease :no_entry:
        
        Red colonies
        Birds on a wire
        Microconidia
        Club/Pyriform shaped
        Macronidia (pencil shaped)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Spiral Hyphae
        
        Trichophyton mentagrophytes
        
        2 more items...
        
        :star:PCR
        Cigar-shaped yeast cells
        flowerette cultures
        
        Sporotrichosis
        
        Sporothrix schenckii
        
        Most: Lymphocutaneous 75%
        
        1 more item...
        
        Rose Handler's Disease
        thorn/hay
        Trauma Bricks, hammers
        
        KI
        Itraconazole
        Ampho B
        
        KOH Prep
        Medlar bodies (copper pennies)
        brown septate hyphae
        
        Chromoblastomycosis
        
        warty, ulcerated
        crusty lesions
        
        dematiaceaous fungi (pigmented)
        
        :pill:Intraconazole
        cryotherapy
        
        Madurella spp,
        acremonium spp etc
        
        Eumycotic mycetoma
        
        Tumefaction (hardness)
        draining sinuses,
        black granules in pus in
        subq, fascia, bone
        
        1 more item...
        
        :pill:Possilbe amputation
        
        Darkfield visible
        (No LPS)
        Heat Labile :fire:
        Slow
        Fibronectin
        Low antigen
        
        Treponemes
        
        Treponemes (Yaws)
        
        Oral papules
        gumma skin/bone/NP
        
        Other
        
        atyp mycobacteria
        
        M. Fortuitum
        
        Soft Tissue Infection (absess/granuloma
        
        Mycolic acid (Cord factor)
        Glycolipid
        
        m. Avium (Fast)
        
        AIDS Pts
        Risk TB reactivation
        
        Gram :no_entry:
        
        Intracellular
        
        R. rikettsii
        
        Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
        
        1 more item...
        
        Doxycycline :pill:
        
        Actin :rocket:
        
        Gram :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        :blowfish:Bacilli
        
        Clostridia
        
        c. tetani
        
        Tetanospasmin
        GABA blocker
        Renshaw cells (glycine)
        
        spastic paralysis
        Lockjaw
        Risus sardonicus (evil smile)
        Opisthotonos (spinal extensors)
        
        Anti-toxin, booster :syringe:,
        abx, diazepam :pill:
        :hocho:Debridement
        
        C. botulinum
        
        5D's
        Diplopia
        Dysarthria
        Dysphagia
        Dyspnea
        Descending Flaccid Paralysis
        
        1 more item...
        
        Gram :no_entry:
        
        Curved Rods
        
        Oxidase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        campylobacter jejuni
        
        Dysentery
        Guillain Barre/ Arthritis
        ATM:poop:
        
        :cyclone:
        
        Troponeme
        
        T. pallidum
        
        Neurosyphilis
        
        1 more item...
        
        Intracellular
        
        Coxiella Burnetti
        
        Q Fever
        
        Debillitating Headache
        Cyclical Fever
        Granulamatous hepatitis
        
        Mycobacterium leprae
        
        Protozoa
        
        Trophozoites in
        Brain
        
        Leishmania
        
        Leishmaniasis
        
        Sandfly
        
        Naegleria fowleri
        
        Trophozoites in brain
        
        Amoebic encephalitis,
        CNS infection
        
        Warm fresh
        water inhalation
        
        Virus
        
        Rabies
        
        Negri bodies
      - Gram :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Catalase :no_entry:
        
        beta
        
        Bacitracin :no_entry:
        
        strep agalactiae (GBS)
        
        PNA/Sepsis
        Meningitis
        BABIES
        
        alpha
        
        Optochin Insensitiive
        
        strep pneumo
        
        Lancet shaped
        
        1 more item...
        
        Bacillus
        
        Listeria
        
        :octopus:
        Listeriolysin O
        actin :rocket:
        
        Soil
        Food
        Survives all temps
        Unpasteurized cheese
        Undercooked meat
        
        Neonates
        Misccarrage d/t granulomatosis
        
        Adults:
        High risk in Immunocompromised
        
        Bacillus anthracis
        
        Protein capsule :star:
        (glutamic acid)
        EndoSPORE
        
        Flu-like at first
        Pulmonary hemorrhage
        mediastinitis
        shock
        Black eschar
        Medusa head colonies
        
        :pill: Cipro/doxy when exposed
      - Gram :no_entry:
        
        intracellular
        Cocci
        
        Chocolate agar
        
        Neisseria meningitidis
        
        sIgA protease
        Siderophoes
        Attaches to NON-cillliated epithelial cells
        Group B capsule (sialic acid) prevents opsonization
        
        Stiff neck, nuchal rigidity, scattered petechiae
        
        PCN, Ceftriaxone :pill:
        
        Maltose acid detection
        
        h. Influenza
        
        OMPS
        Endotoxin
        Pili
        Sialic Acid
        PRP
        
        Otitis media
        Meningitis "Cherry Red" Epiglottis
        Thumb sign on xray
        
        Flu B :syringe:
        Amon/Clav (Augmentin) for mucosal
        Ceftriaxone for meningitis
    - - Bacilli
        
        :airplane:Bacillus
        
        C. diptheriae
        
        Exotoxin inhibits protein syn via
        ADP-ribosylation of EF-2
        
        Black colonies on
        cystine tellurite agar
        Club shaped granules on loffler media
        :star:metachromatic blue/red granules
        :heavy_plus_sign:Elek toxin test
        
        Grayish-White pharyngitis
        Bullsneck lymphadenopathy
        Necrosis in pharynx,
        cardiac, CNS tissue
        
        :pill: PCN or Erythro
  - - - Lactose Fermenter :no_entry:
        
        Oxidase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Burkholderia cepacia complex
        
        Transmit between CF Pts,
        contraindicated in lung transplants
        
        Pseudomonas aeruginos
        
        Oxidase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        H20 Source
        Grapelike odor
        Blue green
        
        PNA/Sepsis
        Ecthyma grangrenosum
        UTI/Diabetes
        Swimmer's Ear (otitis externa)
        
        Zosyn (Pipe-Tazo) :pill:
        
        Oxidase :no_entry:
        
        H2S :no_entry:
        
        Yersinia pestis
        
        Black Plague
        
        Rats
      - Lactose :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Klebsiella
        
        Lactose Fermenter :glass_of_milk::heavy_plus_sign:
        Slow
        
        Alchollics
        Absesses
        Aspiration
        Currant Jelly Sputum
        PNA/UTI
        
        MDR :pill:
    - - acinetobacter
        
        MDR, Nosocomial PNA, wound infections
        
        Aquatic, irrigation, IV solution
        
        Colistin :pill:
      - Oxidase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        :airplane:
        
        Boret-Gengou agar
        Nicontinamide/Charcoal
        PCR,DFA
        
        B. pertussis
        
        Systemic
        
        Pertussis Toxin (AB)
        diasbles G1
        
        1 more item...
        
        Local
        
        Tracheal cytotoxin
        Adenylate Cyclase (AC)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Sulfonimide: Bactrim (TMP-SMX) :pill:
    - - Intracellular, ABX/CL resistant
        
        Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract (BCYE)
        :star:Silver stain
        
        legionella pneumophila
        
        Legionairre's
        
        H20 Source :nauseated_face:
        Hot tubs, cruises,
        nursing homes
        
        PNA, Fever, GI, CNS
        Pontiac Fever (mild flu)
        
        PCN Resist
    - - Dark field
        
        Leptospira interrogans
        
        Animal Urine
        
        Flu-Like
        Diffuse Rash
        Weil's Disease (Icteriohemmorrhagic lepto)
        
        Surfers
        Tropics
        city animals
    - - h. Influenza
        
        OMPS
        Endotoxin
        Pili
        Sialic Acid
        PRP
        
        Otitis media
        Meningitis Epiglottis
        
        Flu B :syringe:
  - - - Catalase :no_entry:
        
        Strep
        
        Blood agar
        
        alpha
        
        Optichin sensitive
        Bile Soluble
        
        :skull: S. Pneumoniae
        
        1 more item...
        
        Beta
        
        Bacitracin
        
        :deciduous_tree:s. agalactiae (GBS)
        
        2 more items...
        
        :skull::GAS, S. pyogenes
        "Strep Throat"
        
        2 more items...
      - Catalase
        
        :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Coagulase
        
        :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Staph Aureus
        
        :no_entry:
        
        Novobiocin
        
        :deciduous_tree: Epidermidis
    - - :airplane: Weakly AFB
        
        Nocardia
        
        Mycetomas (brain/skin)
    - - :airplane:Bacillus
        
        Bacillus anthracis
        
        Flu-like at first
        Pulmonary hemorrhage
        mediastinitis
        shock
        Black eschar
        Medusa head colonies
        
        :pill: Cipro/doxy when exposed
        
        Protein capsule :star:
        (glutamic acid)
        EndoSPORE
  - - - Clamydia
        
        chlamyd. psittaci
        
        Psittacosis
        
        Atypical PNA from Birds
        
        AIIR/Droplets
        
        chlamyd. pneumo
        
        Sex/hand/intrapartum
        
        Staccato Cough (infant PNA)
        
        Energy parasite :zap::space_invader:
        Multiply by reticular body
    - - mycoplasma pneumoniae
        
        PCN resist
        Sterols
        No Cell Walls
        
        Droplets
        
        Walking PNA
        guillain-barre
        
        P1 Factor
        Sialic acid ciliastasis
    - - mycolic acid (Cord factor), :shield: macrophage apoptosis
        
        PPD
        (Could be negative in AIDS/low CD4 pts)
        :star: IGRA/quant gold
        IFN-y
        Lowenstein-Jensen
        Middlebrook Agar
        
        Myco. TB
        
        Primary
        
        INH :Pill:
        Rifamin
        PYR
        Ethambutol
        
        XDR-TB
        MDR-TB
        
        Latent TB/Reactivated (by TNF-a inhibitors) or immunocompromised
        
        m. Bovis :syringe:
        
        chronic cough,
        weightloss, yellow
        sputum, patchy infiltrates
        Caseating granuloma
        Miliary dissemination
        lung, meninges, bones
  - - - Super ABX resistant
        YEAST
      - Azole Resist, some A
        mpho B resistance
    - - Histoplasmosis
        
        Tongue ulcers
        splenomegaly
        
        Caves, Bird, Bat poop :poop:
    - - Irregular/Borad
        nonseptate hyphae,
        wide angle
        
        Rhizopus
        
        mucormycosis
        headache, fever,
        one sided facial swelling
        blurred vision
        
        :pill:Ampho B, srg
        
        DKA
        Neutropenics
  - - - Heartworm (dogs)
        Coin shaped lesion
        in lungs (dead larvae)
        
        Mosquito
- - - - Gram :no_entry:
        
        coccobacillus
        
        heamophilus ducreyi
        
        Chancroid Ulcer
        Bursted lymph nodes
        
        Azithromycin, ceftriaxone :pill:
        
        :cyclone:
        
        treponema pallidum
        
        Syphilis
        
        Primary
        
        Painless Chancres/lesions
        
        Secondary (6 weeks/months)
        
        3 more items...
        
        PCN :pill:
        
        Congential
        
        rhagades (linear mouth scars)
        snuffles
        Notched teeth
        Deafness
        
        Active disease: VDRL (cardiolipin)
        
        Fibronectin
        Slow replication
        
        Dark field
        
        Thayer-Martin agar +
        
        neisseria gonorrhea
        
        endotoxins
        IgA proteases
        Siderophores
        Pili (antigenic variation)
        
        Local cutaneous erythematous lesions
        Septic Arthritis
        Fitz-hugh Curtis
        Longterm: PID
        
        Neontal conjuntivitis
        
        No capsule!! vs n meningitidis
        :star: NAAT
        
        IM Ceftriaxione
        Doxy :pill:
      - Intracellular :zap::space_invader:
        
        PCR
        NAAT
        Giemsa Stain
        :star:
        McCoy cells
        Inclusion bodies on PAP
        
        chlamydia trachomatis
        
        A-C
        
        Trachoma (eye)
        Chronic conjunctivitis
        
        Follicular Conjunctivitis :arrow_right: Papillae, Upturned eyelids
        
        1 more item...
        
        D-K
        
        Genital Infection (D-K)
        PID
        Ectopic Pregnancy
        Pelvic Pain
        Cervix
        squamocolumnar epithlial
        
        Sex
        
        Inclusion Conjunctivitis
        
        La, L2-3
        
        Lymphagranuloma (LGV)
        
        Unilateral Swollen lymph nodes
        
        1 more item...
        
        Erythromycin, doxy, azithro :pill:
        
        EB infective
        RB replicate
      - Dermatophytes
        
        Powdery khaki,
        brown hard colonies
        Macroconidia are
        club/ beaver tail shaped
        
        Hair perforation :no_entry:
        urease :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Epidermophyton floccosum
        
        Tinea cruris (groin)
        Tinea pedis (foot)
        
        Hair perforation :no_entry:
        urease :no_entry:
        
        Red colonies
        Birds on a wire
        Microconidia
        Club/Pyriform shaped
        Macronidia (pencil shaped)
        
        Trichophyton Rubum
        
        Red rash on Feet
        Hands, Nails
        Groin
        Majorcchi's Granuloma
      - Protozoa
        
        Flagellate trophozoite
        in urine
        
        Trichomonas vaginalis
        
        Trichomoniasis
        Dysuria, itch, foul
        smell
        
        Only parasite STI
    - - PNA/UTI
      - Lactose Fermenter
    - - m. Avium
        
        AIDS Pts
        Risk TB reactivation
      - m kansasii (fast)
        
        TB-like
    - - Ureasplama / m. Hominis
    - - Catalase
        
        :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Coagulase
        
        :no_entry:
        
        Novobiocin:skull:
        
        sapprophyticus
        
        1 more item...
      - Cocci
        
        Catalase :no_entry:
        
        PYR :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        6.5% NaCl
        
        E faecalis/ faecium
        
        VRE
        
        1 more item...
    - - Rod
        
        :airplane:
        
        Pseudomonas aeruginos
        
        Oxidase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        H20 Source
        Grapelike odor
        Blue green
        
        PNA/Sepsis
        Ecthyma grangrenosum
        UTI/Diabetes
        Swimmer's Ear (otitis externa)
        
        Zosyn (Pipe-Tazo) :pill:
  - - - :airplane:: Bacillus
        
        B cereus
        
        gastroenteritis
        
        Cereulide toxin
        (preformed)
        
        N/V d/t reheated rice
        
        No treatment for toxins :pill:
        
        Listeria monocytogenes
        
        :octopus:
        Listeriolysin O
        actin :rocket:
        
        Grows well in cold
        
        Soil
        Food
        Unpasteurized cheese
        Undercooked meat
        
        Adults:
        Amnionitis, sepsis
        Meningitis Immunocompromised
        Neonates
        Miscarriages d/t granulomatosis
        
        Amp :pill:
      - :blowfish::Bacillus
        
        Clostridia
        
        C. Diff
        
        Toxins A/B
        
        DIARRHEA
        pseudomenbranous colitis
        s/p Clindamycin, other abx
        toxic megacolon, ileus, shock
        
        Oral Vanc
        
        C perfringens
        
        24 hr gi bug
        Food poisoning
        Soft tissue gangrene, gas
        
        Food left out <60C
    - - Catalase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Coagulase :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        Staph Aureus
        
        Nafcillin :pill:
        
        TSST-1
        
        N/V d/t heat stable enteroxin
        Tampons
        Infect wound/nasal packing
        Abscess
      - Catalase :no_entry:
        
        PYR :heavy_plus_sign:
        
        6.5% NaCl
        
        E faecalis/ faecium
        
        VRE
        
        UTI
        biliary tract infection
        infective endocarditis (s/p GI/GU srg)
  - - - Non Lactose Fermenters :no_entry::glass_of_milk:
        
        Oxidase :no_entry:
        
        Invades via M Cells
        
        shigella
        
        Shiga toxin
        Tiny amounts
        Acid stable :evergreen_tree:
        
        Green on Hektoin
        
        1 more item...
        
        salmonella
        
        Swims/Flagella
        Acid Labile :skull:
        
        Diarrhea
        from lots of bacteria
        
        1 more item...
      - PS capsule
        :blowfish:
        
        bacteroides fragilis
        
        PS Capsule
        
        Ruptured appendix
        abscess
        Diarrhea in children
        
        aminoglycoside resist
      - Lactose Ferment :heavy_plus_sign::glass_of_milk:
        
        Fast
        
        e coli
        
        Invasive
        
        Dysentery, looks like Shigella
        
        ETEC: Toxigenic
        
        Watery Diarrhea
        Traveler's Diarrhea Mexico
        
        EHEC: hemmorrhagic
        
        Shiga toxin
        
        Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
        Dysentery (bloody diarrhea)
    - - campylobacter jejuni
        
        Dysentery ( :arrow_double_up:Children)
        Reactive arthrtis
        guillain barre
        
        Ass to Mouth transmission
        Undercooked :chicken:/meat or :milk:
        Pets :dog2:
      - helicobacter pylori
        
        Triple :heavy_plus_sign:
        :
        Catalase
        Oxidase
        Urease
        
        Needs alkaline environment
        Risk for MALT lymphoma
        
        Gastritis
        Peptic duodenal Ulcers
        
        :pill:
        Triple Therapy:
        Amox/Flagyl+ Clarithromycin + PPI
      - vibrio cholerae
        
        Acid Labile :skull:
        
        Rice Water Diarrhea
        
        H2O Source :nauseated_face:
        Shellfish :crab::sushi:
        
        Hydration :pill:
  - - - Enamoeba Histolyica
        
        Intestinal disease
        
        :peach: ATM
    - - Giardia Lamblia
        
        Most common intestinal disease in the US
        
        H20 Source (child camping water)
    - - Intestinal disease
        
        AIDS Pt
  - - - Anisakiasis
        Dysentery
        
        Raw or undercooked fish
        :sushi:
      - Host: dolphins
        parantenic: fish
    - - Ascariasis
        
        :peach:ATM
      - GI Roundworm
        Soil
    - - Taeniasis: GI worm
        
        Infected pork
- - - - Coag :no_entry:
        
        Novobiocin :skull:
        
        staph epi
        
        Biofilms
        Infects catheters and heart valves
    - - alpha-hemolytic
        
        Optochin Sens/Bile Soluble
        
        soluble: Strep Pneumo
        
        lancet shaped
        
        rusty sputum
        
        Insoluble: strep veridans
        
        fibrin on heart valves
        endocarditis
      - Y-hemolytic
        
        6.5% NaCl :no ent
        
        Strep Bovis
        
        Endocarditis
        Bovis in the Blood
        Cancer in the Colon
  - - - Borellia
        
        :star: Western Blot
        
        Lymes
        
        B. burgdorferi
        
        Ticks :bullettrain_side:
        
        Stage 2:
        droopy eyelid, cardiac syptoms
        Stage 3:
        Arthritis/cognitive impairment for years
        
        Relapsing Fever (10 cycles)
        
        B. recurrentis
        
        Lice :bullettrain_side:
        
        B. Hermensii
    - - Bartonella Hensaeii
        
        Cat scratch fever (bite, lick wounds)
        
        Bacillary angiomatosis (HIV pts vs Karposi)
      - Giemsa
        Morulae in leukocyte
        
        Ehrlichia/Anaplasma
        
        Rashless Spotted Fever
        Headache
        myalgia
        
        Ticks
        
        Doxycycline :pill:
      - Coxiella Burnetti
        
        Q Fever
        
        Debillitating Headache
        Cyclical Fever
        Granulamatous hepatitis
        
        Sheep, cattle, goats, Unpasteurized milk
        bioweapon
      - Bartonella quintana
        
        Urban Trench Fever
        Homeless
        5 day fever
        Endocarditis
        
        Lice
        
        Broad Spectrum :pill:
    - - :airplane:
        
        Brucella
        
        Undulant (rising/falling) Fever
        Night sweats arthralgia
        unpasteurized milk
        
        Doxy/Riframpin :pill:
- - - - Clofazimine :pill:
      - TH2 Immune
  - - - TH1 Immune
      - Dapsone/Rifampin :pill:
- - - - Cowdry type A inclusion bodies
  - - - Downey cells