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Systems Architecture, image, image, image, image, image, image - Coggle…

- - - - With the Von Neumann architecture, the program instructions and data are stored in computer memory (RAM).
        Because of this, the CPU can change tasks simply by loading a different program into memory – no rewiring needed!
    - - In 1945, a mathematician called John von Neumann realised that it was possible to design a computer which could change programs without the need to rewire it each time.
    - - He came up with the "Stored Program Computer" concept. You can change the program without rewiring! This is not a computer, it's just an idea of how one is built!
    - - Memory Data Register
        
        Memory data register (MDR).
        When the CPU needs to fetch an instruction or data from main memory (RAM), it is initially stored in the MDR. It is then moved from the MDR to the relevant register in order to be processed/
      - Accumulator
        
        Accumulator (ACC)
        The accumulator is a register that is used to temporarily store data whilst calculations are being performed within the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
      - Instruction Register
        
        Current instruction register (CIR)
        Having fetched an instruction from RAM, (which is stored in the MDR), it is then transferred to the Instruction Register to be decoded and executed.
      - Program Counter
        
        Program counter (PC)
        Used to identify the location of the next instruction
      - Memory Address Register
        
        Memory address register (MAR)
        Updated by the program counter to contain the address of the next instruction / Data that has to be fetched from the RAM.
  - - - ![image](attached://de64c7e76fb509947a629ec4011dd75e 150x114
  - - - Fetch some data and instructions from main memory then store them in its own internal temporary memory areas.
    - - The next step is for the CPU to make sense of the instruction it has just fetched.
    - - Does what the information tells it to do.
    - - Registers
        
        A number of different registers inside the CPU are involved with the FDE cycle:
  - - - Core: Is a small CPU built onto a big CPU. It can independently perform tasks.
      - Clock:
        A microchip that controls the timing and speed of all computer functions.
        
        Overclocking:
      - Cache:
        Very small extremely fast type of memory which is temporary storage between RAM and the CPU. Can be internal and external. A CPU always has internal cache.
    - - The clock
        The clock speed indicates how fast the CPU is running, 1 tick = 1 Instruction executed
    - - The registers
        Small amounts of temporary high speed memory contained within the CPU
    - - The cache
        Temporary memory, Slower then registers but faster then RAM. Internal and external to CPU