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Design Thinking - Coggle Diagram
Design Thinking
Stage 4: Prototype
Prototyping is getting ideas and explorations our of your head and into the physical world.
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To communicate. If a picture is worth a thousand words, a prototype is worth a thousand pictures.
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To start a conversation. Your interactions with users are often ten times richer when centered around a conversation piece. A prototype is an opportunity to have another, directed conversation with a user.
To test possibilities. Staying low-res allows you to pursue many different ideas without committing to a direction too early on.
To manage the solution-building process. Identifying a variable also encourages you to break a large problem down into smaller, testable chunks.
To fail quickly and cheaply. Committing as few resources as possible to each idea means less time and money invested up front.
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Start building. Even if you aren’t sure what you’re doing, the act of picking up some materials will be enough to keep you going.
Don’t spend too long on one prototype. Let go before you find yourself being too emotionally attached to any one prototype.
Identify a variable. Identify what’s being tested with each prototype. A prototype should answer a particular question when tested.
Build with the user in mind. What do you hope to test with the user? What sorts of behaviour do you expect? Asking these questions may help focus your prototyping and help you receive meaningful feedback in the testing stage.
Stage 2: Define
Define is about bringing clarity and focus to the design space by defining the challenge you are taking on, based on what you have learnt about your target user and the context.
A good point of view is one that:
- Provides focus and frames the problem
- Informs criteria for evaluating competing ideas.
- Provide a clear common direction so that your team make decisions
- Specific, not broad. Crafting a narrowly focused problem statement tends to yield solutions that are greater quantity and higher quality when you are generating ideas
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Stage 3: Ideate
Ideate is about focusing on generating ideas. You ideate in order to transit from identifying problems to creating solutions for your users.
Technique 2: Sketch-storming - express ideas and potential solutions in the form of diagrams and rough sketches instead of merely in words.
Technique 1: Brainstorming - leverage on collective thinking of the team by engaging with each other, listening, and building on others’ ideas.
Technique 3: Body-storming - physically act out situations you are trying to innovate within. It may involve expressing solutions to ideas through physical activity or enacting some of the problem scenarios that you are attempting to solve.
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Technique 5: Prototyping - In the process of physically making something, you come to points where decisions need to be made and this encourages new ideas to come forward
Stage 5: Test
Testing is the chance to get feedback on your solutions, refine solutions to make them better, and continue to learn about your target users.
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Show, don’t tell. Put your prototype in the tester’s hands, or put your tester within an experience. Don’t explain everything yet. Give the minimal context so they understand what to do. Don’t explain your thinking or reasoning for your prototype. Let your tester interpret the prototype.
Have them talk through their experiences. For example, when appropriate, ask “tell me what you are thinking when you are doing this.”
Actively observe. Watch how they use (and misuse!) what you have given them, how they handle and interact with it. Don’t immediately “correct” what your tester is doing.
Follow up with questions. Listen to what they say about it and the questions they have. “Show me why this would (not) work for you.” “Can you tell me more about how this made you feel?” “Why?” “What do you think this button does?”
Stage 1: Empathise
Empathise is the effort to understand:
- The way people do things and why they do it
- Their physical and emotional needs
- How they think about things
- What they value
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1.Engage
2.Build Rapport
3.Listen more, talk less
4.Ask why
5.Ask open-ended questions
6.Don't rush