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Conditions for emergence in Germany (1919-1933), Methods used to rise to…
Conditions for emergence in Germany (1919-1933)
economic factors
Over 8 mil £ in debt due to WW1
Mass unemployment
Dawes Plan (1924)
:warning:
taking over of the ruhr industrial area
lots of money was lost
led to an accelerated inflation
Great depression (1929)
1/3 of the population was supported by the dole
unemployment rose to 6.5 mil
increased number of bankrupties
thousands of small buisnesses close
social division
a lot of antisemitism
communist & other german working class developed hatred of german dmeocrats
over a 100 workers during the bloody week
in 1919, 5000 workers on strike in berlin to fight against democrats
class division
SPD were committed to radical reforms
when conditions bad ppl turned to extreme political parties
by 1932 parties that wanted destruction held 319 out of 608
Impact of war
treaty of versailles - 1919
Germany lost the war
loss of teritories, depriving 4 milion people of Germany
German army limited to 100,000
Heavy debts
STAB IN. THE BACK
Weaknesses of political system
Democratic government was seen to be linked with the betrayal, defeat and national humiliation of Versailles in 1919
Article 48
an emergency arcticle that allowed chancelors to pass laws without them having to go through the parlament
Brian Gray: ‘Article 48 has been identified as a constitutional weakness.’
bruning: used the article 48 to cut back on pals personal freedom
Intro/thesis
authoritarian state: defined by centralised power/ removal of personal freedoms/ one party state
Methods used to rise to power
Use of force
The Munich Putsch (1923)
Failed coup d'état
kapp putsch
German revolution
aimed to overthrow weimar republic to achieve autocratic gov.
propaganda
wrote a book called mein kampf
presented his antisemitic beliefs and got a lot of support
blamed jews for what happened
Ideology
spread through propaganda
jews were to blame for germany's misery
his ideology spread due to the economic situations
ppl in desperate need of a hero so turned to hitler
a vision of annihilation of all enemies of the Aryan Volk
Persuasion and coercion
Charismatic leadership
Oratory skills
Use of propaganda
Adjusting to the citizens to seem as if they are the same
Role of Hitler
Leader of the Nazi Party
influenced german individuals as they were desperate of a hero