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Fascism Rises in Europe, Communism seems to care more for the welfare of…

- - - - They wore uniforms of certain colors, used special salutes, and held mass rallies.
      - Fascist Ideals and Definition
    - - Both systems ere ruled by dictators who allowed only their own party.
      - Both denied individual rights, and both had a supreme state with no democracy.
      - Unlike communists, they didn't seek a classless society. They believed each class had its place and functions.
        
        Also, fascist parties were mostly made up of aristocrats and industrialists, war veterans, and the lower middle class.
        
        Fascists were nationalists, but communists were internationalists.
        
        Does Fascism or Communism seem to be more concerned with the welfare of the people?
  - - - To many people, the democratic government seemed helpless to deal with the countries problems.
        
        Benito Mussolini was a newspaper editor and politician who promised to rebuild Italy's economy and army.
        
        He vowed to give Italy strong leadership, founding the Fascist party in 1919. As economic issues got worse, his popularity increased.
        
        He began to publicly criticize Italy's government, and groups of Fascists wearing black attacked communists and socialists on the streets.
        
        He played on fear of a workers revolt, winning the support from the middle-classes, aristocracy, and industrial leaders.
        
        In October 1922, 30,000 Fascists marched on Rome, demanding the the King Victor Emmanuel III put Mussolini In charge.
        
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        Why did Mussolini's popularity increase as Italy’s economy declined?
  - - - He abolished democracy and outlawed all parties except for the fascist party, using terror and violence to enforce his policies.
        
        He used secret police to jail his opponents and censor radio stations and publications to brodcast or publish only fascist doctrines.
        
        He sought to control the economy by allying the fascists with industrialists and large landowners, but never had the total control achieved by Joseph Stalin or Hitler.
- - - - What personal characteristics helped Hitler gain success as a leader ?
        
        Within a short time, Hitler's success as an organizer and speaker led him to be chosen der Führer, or the leader of the Nazi party. Inspired by Mussolini's march on Rome, Hitler and the Nazis plotted to seize power in Munich.
        
        I think another concept is rebuilding because Hitler wants to rebuild everything and he wants to make sure that Germans have the best possible technology
    - - I think a concept is Imperialism because Hitler wants to get more land for Germany and he wants to do that by taking over Europe and Russia.
        
        A picture of Hitler Speaking to his fellow Germans
    - - Hitler declared that Germany was overcrowded, and needed more living space, He promised to get that space through imperialism, by rebuilding Germany's military and conquering eastern Europe and Russia.
- - - - Violence against Jews was common
        
        What does Kristallnacht demonstrate about the power of the Nazis?
        
        Kristallnacht was the Nazi's way of portraying how much stronger they were than the Jewish people. They were flaunting their authority, destroying homes and killing people because they had been ordered by the government itself. They wanted to install fear into the hearts of the Jewish to maintain order and control.
        
        November 9, 1938 -- Jews were attacked by Nazi mobs and had all of their building and homes destroyed
        
        This was called Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass)
        
        This was just the beginning of what horrors were to come for the Jews
        
        Kristallnacht
      - They passed laws that took away the rights of the Jews
    - - The belief was that Jews were lesser than the Aryans and both mentality and physicality
      - First started in Germany around the 19th century among the Social Darwinists
    - - The Holocaust, or Shoah in Hebrew, had about 6 millions Jewish people killed
    - - Hitler's Final Solution plan was all about genocide. He wanted to get rid of the whole Jewish population in Europe merely because he saw them as inferior beings. He believed that in order for Germany to be at its best, it needed to be free of all other races besides the Aryans.
  - - - Germans might have put their faith in Hitler because they yearned for some order in their country. Germany was basically left in ruins after WWI and the people needed a strong leader. When Hitler came along they just went with it, coming to regret it not long after he had turned the state into a Totalitarian government
  - - - Hitler wanted to influence the public's opinion and be praised for his leadership, just like Mussolini, through propaganda.
        
        The Radio
        
        Literature
        
        The Press
        
        Films
        
        Paintings
      - Books that did not follow Hitler's beliefs were all burned in huge bonfires
      - Churches were not allowed to criticize the Nazis or the government
      - Children in school were required to join either the Hitler Youth (boys) or the league of German Girls
      - He twisted the words of Friedrich Nietzsche in order to support his actions
        
        He had the belief that "continuous struggle brought victory to the strong"
    - - Hitler's rise to power was mostly through Militarism. The construction of the Nazis inflicted fear in the people and caused millions of deaths. This was Hitler's tactics of establishing complete control of everyone because he believe brute force was the way.
  - - - Only loyal to Hitler
      - 1934 -- Arrested and murdered hundreds of Hitler's enemies
        
        Actions carried out by the Gestapo (the Nazi secret police) in order to establish devout obedience from the Germans
      - Elite and Black-uniformed
  - - - Constructed factories
      - Built highways
      - Manufactured weapons
      - Served in the military
      - 1936 -- The number of unemployed people dropped from about 6 million to 1.5 million