HISTORICAL CONTEXT 1945- present day

The cold war

Britain in 1945

British politics after the war

Queen Elizabeth II

The new youth culture

The Irish problem

Disillusion and the search for new ideals

A cosmopolitan Britain post WW2

recent political picture

Margareth Thatcher PM 1979-1990

North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949 (NATO)

Britain no longer a world power (3rd position)

1957 European Economic Community (UK 1973)

Marshall Plan

colonies wanted independence

The British Commonwealth

....

capitalism/communism

US: atom bomb. Russia: satellite States

EAST/WEST

Berlin wall 1961-1989

Churchill lost 1945 elections

Labour party wins

National Health Service 1946

social agenda

welfare state

....

...

illusion. PM Eden, Suez Canal crisis

1952, optimism (Elizabeth I)

UK + FR vs Egypt. protests, troops withdrawn

loss of power and prestige

different national image

new atomic age fear

spread of TV - cultural exchanges

drugs, sexual freedom, permessiveness

popular culture - teenagers - imported music

women liberation movement

advertising + mass media = consumer society

1950s, 1960s thousands of families from Carribeans, India and Pakistan

more cosmopolitan cities

economic boom, workers needed (manual labour)

racial tensions grew, riots

British troops sent to Ulster (Northern Ireland) in 1969

January 1972 Bloody Sunday: 13 killed

1960s, 1970s terrorist activities

IRA targeted Britain

Irish Free State 1921

ceasefire on 31st August 1994

big changes

elected 3 times

strongly conservative, called "The Iron Lady"

first woman Prime Minister

Falkland conflict (vs Argentina)

1984 miners strike

cold war ended

Berlin wall fell 1989

RUSSIA: Gorbacev (openness and restructuring)

1980s, 1990s financial boom , high unemployment, poverty

Thatcher resigned (controversial poll tax)

UK PM: labourist Tony Blair 1997-2007; then Conservative David Cameron

Afghanistan invaded in 2001, Iraq in 2003 to destroy Al Qaeda

9/11/2001 Twin towers attacked. New enemy: terrorism