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Digestive + Urinary Jackie Hernandez P.5 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive + Urinary Jackie Hernandez P.5
Major Organs: Digestive
large intestine
: forms + stores feces
Mouth:
First part of alimentary canal; Performs mechanical digestion by mastication
small intestine:
finishes digestion which arrives in chime; transports remaining residue to large intestine
stomach:
receives food + mixes them with digestive juices; begins the protein digestion process
Pancreas:
both endocrine + exocrine; helps aid in digestion with juices
esophagus
:Leads to the pharynx+ stomach;helps prevent regurgitation
liver:
filters blood from RBC + toxins;helps maintain proper concentration of glucose; responsible for metabolism; secretes bile
gallbladder:
stores bile + reabsorbs water to concentrate bile
Anus
: leads feces to the outside of the body
major functions: Digestive
Digestion + absorption
breaks nutrients into small particles to have our body absorb the nutrients for energy, growth + cell repair
Mechanical digestion
:breaks big particles into smaller ones
Chemical digestion:
breaks down particles with chemical bonds
Major Organs: Urinary
Ureters:
conveys urine from kidney to urinary bladder;prevents back flow
Urinary Bladder:
stores+excretes urine
Kidneys:
removes metabolic wastes from blood in process of forming urine;help control RBC formation rate
Urethra:
transports urine from bladder to outside of body
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Submucosa
: lies under mucosa; nourishes the surrounding layers of canal
Mucosa
: First/inner layer;Protects tissue canal
Muscularis
:propels food through the canal
Serosa
: Outer most layer;Protects underlying tissues+produces serous fluid to reduce friction
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
GERD
:chronic disease where stomach acid flows into food pipe; symptoms:dry cough,bitter taste, heart burn, nausea; treatment: anti-acid, weight loss, healthier diet
Cholecystitis
: inflammation of the gallbladder; symptoms:chills, fever,vomiting,nausea; treatment:antibiotics,surgery
Kidney Stones
: hard deposits of minerals that form in kidneys; symptoms:severe side pain, sharp pain in abdominal area, sweating; treatment: anti-inflammatory drug, laser removal
Inflammatory Bowel Disease(IBS):
chronic inflammatory that affects digestive tract; symptoms: diarrhea,rectal bleeding,fatigue;treatment: dietary fiber,enema,bowel surgery
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI):
abnormal growth of bacteria along the urinary tract; symptoms:burning urination, pain in pelvic region, blood in urine; treatment:antibiotics
Peptic Ulcers:
A sore that develops on the lining of the stomach, esophagus, or small intestine; symptoms:bloating, heat burn, nausea; treatment;antibiotics,antacid
Bladder Cance
r: bladder cells grow abnormally;Symptoms:back pain, pain during urination, blood in urine, frequent urination; treatment:Urologst +well balanced diet
Major functions: Urinary
Controls levels of electrolytes+metabolites
regulates blood pH
Helps control RBC production
filters salts+waste from blood
Regulates blood volume+pressure
Digestive Enzymes
Lipase
: breaks down fats into fatty acids+ glycerol
Maltase
: breaks down malt sugars into glucose: released by small intestine
Sucrase
: breaks down sucrose into frucose + glucose;secreted by small intestine
Lactase
: breaks down lactose; breaks it down into simple sugars (Ex.glucose)
Proteases
: breaks down proteins into amino acids;produces in stomach+ pancreas
Amybase:
breaks down starches into sugars; secreted by salivary glands+ pancreas
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Protein
:Absorption: walls of small intestine; digestion: stomach
nucleic acids
:Absorption: small intestine; digestion: small intestine
Lipids
:Absorption: directly into bloodstream/small intestine; digestion: mouth+stomach
Carbohydrate:
Absorption:small intestine; digestion: mouth+stomach
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Nephron: unit of the kidney that produces urine
Renal Corpuscle
: filtration structure in renal cortex; has cluster of capillaries
Renal Tubule
: Proximal convoluted tube, nephron loop, distal convoluted tube
Urine formation
: Glomerous, Glomerular capsule,Proximal convoluted tube, Nephron loop, distal convoluted tube, conducting duct