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Digestive & Urinary System Gabriela Perez p.7 -…
Digestive & Urinary System
Gabriela Perez p.7
alimentary canal: muscular tube that passes through thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Submucosa nourishes the surrounding layers of the canal
Mucosa membrane that surrounds the lumen of the tube
Muscular propels food thourgh the canal
Serosaprotects underlying tissue and secretes serous fluid to reduce friction between organs
movement of the tube
Propelling movement a ring of contraction in a protion of the tube occurs ahead of the ring
segmentation in a small intestine aids mixing by alternately contracting and relaxing the smooth muscle in each area
mixing movement occurs when smooth muscles contract rhythmically in small sections of the tube
mouth
lips highly mobile structure that surround the mouth opening
tongue covered by a mucous membrane
cheek from the lateral walls of mouth
palate the roof of the oral cavity
teeth action of chewing
salivary glands that secret saliva, moistens and dissovles food particles
esophagus muscular tube leading from pharynx to stomach
pharynx cavity lying posterior to the mouth
swallowing mechanism
second stage triggers swallowing reflex
third stage peristalsis transports food from esophagus to stomach
first stage is voluntary stage where food is chewing and mixed with saliva forming a bolus
part of the stomach
cardia a small region near opening to the esophagus
gastric secretions
chemical digestion breaks down large nutrient molecules into smaller chemicals by breaking chemical bonds
mechanical digestion breaks down large pieces of food into smaller one chemicals composition is not changed by this process