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(Major functions of the Urinary System, Major organs of the Urinary System…
Major functions of the Urinary System
Helps maintain normal concentrations of electrolytes & water
Regulates pH and body fluid volume
Filters salt & wastes from the blood
Helps control red blood cell production & blood pressure
Major organs of the Urinary System
Ureters
Transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Urinary bladder
Stores urine
Kidneys
Enclosed in a tough, fibrous capsule
Retroperitoneal, behind the parietal peritoneum
A reddish brown, bean-shaped organ (12 cm long)
Structure
Inside the renal sinus lies a renal pelvis that is subdivided into major and then minor calyces
Renal pelvis = the expanded superior end of the ureter
Each kidney has 2 major regions
Renal medulla
Consists of cone-shaped structures
Renal cortex
Surrounds the renal medulla
Granular appearance, due to presence of tiny, round structures called renal corpuscles, which are part of the functional units of the kidneys, the nephrons
Hilum: medial depression in kidney, leads to a hollow chamber, the renal sinus, into which blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, & the ureter enter or exit
Lateral side is convex & medial side is concave
Functions
Regulate the volume, composition, & pH of body fluids
Remove metabolic wastes from the blood in the process, forming urine
Help control the rate of the red blood cell formation
Urethra
Conveys urine to the outside of the body
Major functions of the Digestive System