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GMO risk management - Coggle Diagram
GMO risk management
Differs from Risk Assesment
Some frameworks separate only one ascpect of monitoring
Some concerns monitoring and risk mitigation options
Ways for managment
potential for megative impacts
potential for gene transfer
negative effects on interation with microorganisms
effects to human, animals and plants
effects on biochemical processes
assessed by combinations of lab studies
small scale trials: less GMOs and more valuable information about survival and persistence, fitness, and release
Commercial release of GMO in the complex different ecosystems so carefully at different sites to understand specis-environment interaction
Contained use of GMO
Measures to limit contact between environment, people and GMOs
process of genetic modification, use, storage and destruction of GMO
Containment can be physical or biological
Physical containment: barriers to prevent organisms from escaping
biological barriers: designing organisms so cannot grow out of lab
Monitoring fate of GMOs released in environment
post release monitoring phase
regular inspections effective for monitoring which has two focuses
possible effects of GMO
identification of occurence of unforseen events
important to understand effectivness of introduced GMOs and to detect spread
confidential information
direct public participation and awarness mechanisms
designs of regulatory system for GMO development
socio-culture impacts
Ways to manage risks
allows feed back for validation of risk assessment
risks vary on several factors
Nature of GMO
Intended use
Environment
should be assessed on case-by-case basis to treat every release as unique
prior consent from the authorities for release and field trials
important for GM microbes that have potentiol to survive, persist and spread
Article 16 of Cartagena protocol of Biosafety
decision concerning protocol implementation should not encourage technology burdens
Developers and users share duty in protocol implementation
Harmonizing national regulatory frameworks (decision making, implementation and innovations)
Risk Management design components
Impact assessment: EIA procedures, permission of labelling, decision making
public awareness: public access to information and public participation
Transparency and capacity: transparency and access to documents, access to tools and expertise to understand information
exclusive political action
socioeconomic or ethical concerns to reduce identified risk
mechanisms for safe use of bioproducts