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Marxism + CRT theory &: - Coggle Diagram
Marxism + CRT theory &:
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gender:
Engels: before cap men and women were more equal,, cap destroyed this - exploitative relationship mirrored in family (men exploit women for their labour)
engels' view fails to account for differing privileges (Neo-marxists argue) e.g white, mc women have more privilege than a black wc trans man
Feminists argue Marxists give a male-centred view of gender ineqaulities as women's status is defined by their father's/husband's status
Zaretsky (1976): the FAMILY cushions psychological damage caused by cap - revolution is prevented by the fam (helps relive stress) - this is what causes a false class consiousness
Delphy & Leonard (1992): patriarchy benefits from family life not cap - build on the work of Oakley: working women have a dual burden of paid work & unpaid domestic work whereas home for men is leisure time
Age:
Elderly and young are both reserve armies of labour as they are the 2 age groups most likely to be offered 0-hour contracts - 9.1% of 16-24 have ZHC, compared to 1.7% of 35-49 yr olds
Elderly (like women) provide benefits to cap as they support families by offering them free childcare, enabling adults to work - reserve army of domestic labour
Criticism: some young people want 0-hour contract for the flexibility to fit with school and Jones et al study showed elderly people experience retirement as time of renewal not exploitation - marxists would argue this is evidence of false class consciousness
ethnicity:
Cox (1970) - race = social construct to justify exploitation e.g colonialism - superiority of white europeans was used to justify the exploitation - racism is dependant on cap
Cox's ideas developed into Critical Race Theory: racism is institutionalised in majority white soc and all white people have implicit racial bias
Main claims: racism is often invisible promoted by system that discriminates against people of colour / calling out racism (even micro aggressions) is important / colourblindness is not helpful as it denies the legitimacy of people of colour lived experience of racism / gradual process is doomed to fail so revolution is a must
CRT criticises liberal theory that suggests that solutions include laws barring discrimination as this doesn't change the culture
Bonilla-Silva (2013): the liberal ideal of a colourblind soc supports racism as it: argues equality has already been reached through legal change
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Dabiri (2019): argues black and mixed-race kids are excluded from school in the UK for having Afro-textured hairstyles - argues the Equality Act must be amended to protect this from happening
Castles and Kosack (1973): cap benefits from ethnic inequalities are purposely divides the wc via ethnicity (divide and rule) - this is used to distract the wc from the real problem of cap e.g ethnic minorities get blamed for unemployment when real problem = cap - power of wc is diminished if divided
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