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Work Organization and Workplace Innovation - Coggle Diagram
Work Organization and Workplace Innovation
Work Organization
Organization
Organization is an
Entity such as a company, an institution, or an association
Comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose
An organized group of people with a particular purpose, such as a business or government department.
4 types of organization
Functional Organization Structure
Divisional Structure Based on Products
Matrix Structure Combines Functional and Divisional Models
Flat Organizational Structure
Elements of an organization
Common purpose
Coordination effort
Division of labor
Hierarchy of authority
Work organization
is about
The control of work and the division of labor (staff).
It includes the tasks performed, who performs them and how they are performed in the process of making a product or providing a service.
Work organization will
Increase productivity
Will save time looking for things and will have more time to work on important tasks.
Improve the flow of communication between employee and team,
And team become more productive
Craft vs. Mass production
Craft
Craft production is
the process of manufacturing by hand with or without the aid of tools.
The term Craft production
refers to
A manufacturing technique applied in the hobbies of handicraft
Through apprenticeship (Need highly skilled work force; knowledge of design, machining, and fitting which learned hands-on work with classroom learning) into finished goods
such as in the production of pottery.
Example of craft production
Fashion
Textiles
Traditional Clothing
Jewelry
Decorative Arts
Traditional Crafts
Papermaking & Papercraft
Printmaking
Woodcraf
Toys
Mass production
Mass production
Is the manufacture of large quantities of standardized products often using assembly lines or automation technology.
Mass production refers to the efficient production of a large number of similar products.
Mass production - apply the principles of specialization, division of labour, and standardization of parts to the manufacture of goods.
Advantage of mass production
Labor costs are often lower for mass-produced because
Economically Efficient
Fast Production Rate
Production Accuracy
Disadvantage of mass production
Inflexible to consumer demand
Disengaged workforce
Difficult to restructure production
Sociotechnical system
Inside a sociotechnical system (STS), which people, software, hardware, the organization, and any number of other systems functioning together as a whole.
STS - Premises
Socio-technical systems focus on the social and technical together rather than consider technical issues in isolation.
Design should take into account how social and technical factors influence the functionality and usage of STSs
Sociotechnical systems (STS)
In organizational development is an approach to complex organizational work design that recognizes the interaction between people and technology in workplaces.
The sociotechnical systems (STS) approach is devoted to the effective blending of both the technical and social systems of an organization.
A socio-technical system (STS) is one that considers requirements spanning hardware, software, personal, and community aspects.
High performance work system
High Performance Work System
is
a set of management practices that attempt to create an environment within an organization where the employee has greater involvement and responsibility.
High Performance Work Systems (HPWS) have become highly important as a source of competitive advantage in competitive business environment.
A high-performance culture
is a set of
Behaviors and norms that leads an organization to achieve superior results
By setting clear business goals, defining employees' responsibilities, creating a trusting environment, and encouraging employees
To continuously grow and reinvent themselves.
10 Practical Ways to Promote a High-Performance Culture
Create private offices for every employee
Set an open meeting policy.
Establish an open-book management policy.
Communicate a clear mission, vision and goals.
Create an anonymous feedback mechanism.
Give employees some control over their work environments.
Incorporate new employees into the team quickly.
Develop objective pay policies.
Avoid creating an employee caste system.
Promote learning and growth at every opportunity.
Knowledge Driven Work
Knowledge-Driven work is work relies on the ability of individuals to create, obtain and apply knowledge to produce products or services
It refers to work combined with the knowledge of the workforce in order to produce products or services.
Knowledge workers has the ability to solve complex problems or to develop new products or services in their fields of expertise .
Example of Knowledge worker
Scientists
Engineers
Architects
Information technologist
Pharmacists
Physicians
Characteristics of Knowledge Worker
Specialized knowledge of a subject
The ability to find and access new information
The ability to utilize new information
Good communication skills
A growth-motivated mindset
Knowledge driven work
Knowledge-driven work lead to knowledge-driven economy
knowledge-driven economy or knowledge based economy is defined as “An economy that is capable of knowledge production, dissemination and use; where knowledge is a key factor in growth, wealth creation and employment, and where human capital is the driver of creativity, innovation and generation of new ideas, with reliance on information and communication technology (ICT) as an enabler”
The knowledge economy is an economic system in which the production of goods and services
Digital workforce and micro sourcing
Digital workforce
“A digital workforce is a team of software robots that works alongside human employees to undertake manual processes and allow humans to focus on value-adding tasks. A digital workforce can be either large or small but should be able to grow or downsize on demand depending on business needs.”
DIGITAL WORKFORCE EVOLUTION CYCLES
Robotic Process Automation
Cognitive Computing
Artificial Intelligence
CHALLENGES ON DEVELOPING DIGITAL WORKFORCE
PROCESS UNDERSTANDING
AUTOMATION ACCOUNTABILITY
AUTOMATION STANDARD
AUTOMATION MAINTENANCE
WORKFORCE ENGAGEMENT
LIMITATION ON DIGITAL WORKFORCE
Dexterity
Negotiation
Originality & Fine Arts
Persuasion
Small work space
Micro sourcing
“The process of breaking up large projects into smaller projects. This method involves sourcing tasks from existing providers to enable a more agile approach for a quicker turnaround and better results at competitive pricing.”
Some examples of tasks commonly outsourced by micro sourcing are data entry and validation, image tagging, research, writing, editing, categorization, maintenance of databases, data back-up/ recovery, and data protection.
BENEFITS
Cost cutting
Payment is by results.
Discover wider range of talent
Provides competitive results
Better insight in the market
PROBLEMS / RISK
Does not meet quality
Redundancy
Intellectual property leakage
No time constraint
Not much control