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Macao Connection between the Pearl River Delta and Global Trade in the…
Macao Connection between the Pearl River Delta and Global Trade in the Late Qing Period
How did Macao’s trade in the Canton Maritime world?
topical arguments 1: Lappa: a de facto treaty port in Imperial China
The establishment of Lappa Station/ Sino- Portuguese Treaty [Sino-Portuguese Treaty, ARTICLE IV. Opium Trade of Maca] .
IMCS levy tonnage dues & shipments.
the distinctive of the Peral River Delta junk trade
在广东，民船可以直接往来于香港、澳门及内地市场，这种民船贸易虽然归常关管理，却具有进出口贸易的性质.( 徐素琴. “晚清粤澳民船贸易及其影响.” Zhongguo bian jiang shi di yan jiu 18, no. 1 (2008): 107–117. )In Canton, junk trade directly shipping to Hong Kong, Macao and Mainland China, which under Native Custom but it was de facto import and export trade.
a hybrid status: namely foreign-flagged Chinese junks and Chinese steamers, and Chinese steam tugs, which adequately filled the legal gap in the dual maritime customs system that neither foreign steamers or native Chinese junks could adopt. [literature review] Choi 2017.
topical arguments 2: Macao was a small distributing centre in Canton./ a second-rate port for local coasting trade
commecial trade in imports and exports/
Foreign Goods imported & Native Products exported.
conclusions: consequences, developmets, issues.
粵西南經濟中心，亦即是該區域的轉運港
"economic center of southwestern Guangdong" that is, the
region transshipment port.
literature review: 1990s 莫世祥 近代澳门一度成为粤西海岸与西江流域经济圈的 “商业中心”。
2010s 梁學文 "economic center of southwestern Guangdong" that is, the region transshipment port.
2020s 杨浩 澳 门的贸 易 体 系 也 基 本 融 入 珠 三 角 本 地 的区域贸易体 系 ， 在 中 葡 双 方 的 双 重 影 响 下 ， 中 方 因 素 占 据 了 主 导 地 位.
Introduction
Conclusions:
Main argument: Macao was a dual port that existed between the imperial Qing and Portuguese from 1887-to 1911.
De facto treaty port in imperial Qing
Free port in Portuguese’ colony in Macao.
How did Macao’s trade in the global Maritime world?
topical argument 1: A de facto treaty port in imperial Qing: Junk trade between Lappa and Southeast Asia.
Legally open by treaty, under CMCS control v6.p576 Chinese junk.
de facto treaty port that was under the Maritime
Customs service control. [Sino-Portuguese Treaty, ARTICLE IV. Opium Trade of Maca] . Nanyang vessels report and clear at treaty port.
vol1p588-589
topical argument 2 :A free port in the Portuguese colony: Steamers shipped Macao and the Pacific Rim.
Free port:[ no.769 REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1889 ON THE TRADE OF MACAO.]
Steamers:1902,1903,1901,1899,1898,1897. Outside steamers [ no.769 REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1889 ON THE TRADE OF MACAO.] [no.917 REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1890 ON THE TRADE OF MACAO .]
Emigrants: One Note: Thesis-Sources outline- emigrants.
[ no.769 REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1889 ON THE TRADE OF MACAO.]
Macao has, along with all other ports in the far east, shared in the expansion of imports. [ no.917 REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1890 ON THE TRADE OF MACAO .]
[no.1238 REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1892 ON THE TRADE OF MACAO AND TIMOR.]
conclusions: dual-port
commercial activities:
Tea: Excel: CONTENT-Export of Tea.
opium, Circular 601 Junk-borne Opium from Singapore: new arrangement notified. Circular 628 Chinese junks from Singapore without Consular Clearance: treatment of. Circular 645 Singapore junk-borne Opium: new set of rules issued.
Kensene Smartua:1899-1904.
Literature Review
Method & Methodology :
Imperialism
The prime characteristic of imperialism is asymmetry. There is an asymmetric relationship between the imperial power and its client
imperialism developed to defend and promote economic activity in general though, particularly in the Leninist
version, it was to protect capital in particular.
economist
What is the relationship between Macao and Hongkong?
Sourcese Wright, Stanley Fowler. Documents Illustrative of the Origin, Development and Activities of the Chinese Customs Service. Shanghai: Statistical Dept. of the Inspectorate General of Customs, 1937.
Great Britain. Foreign Office. (1886). Diplomatic and consular reports. London.
Great Britain. Board of Trade. Board of Trade journal of tariff and trade notices and miscellaneous commercial information. [London: H.M. Stationery Off., etc.].
Ming Qing shiqi Aomen wenti dang’an wenxian huibian 明清時期澳門問題檔案文獻匯編
Zhongguo jiu haiguan shiliao 中國舊海關史料