1950s and 1960s

Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, the Little Rock Nine and many others.

was a struggle for social justice that took place mainly during the 1950s and 1960s for Black Americans to gain equal rights under the law in the United States.

diverse social movement, largely based in the United States, that in the 1960s and '70s sought equal rights and opportunities and greater personal freedom for women.

Betty Friedan gathered feminists, liberals, Washington insiders, and other activists

the practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, while being nonviolent.

nonviolent direct action became the most successful protest strategy in the modern civil rights movement.

civil rights protest during which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating

The movement to re-legalize abortion predates the women’s movement, as physicians and clergy members, mostly men

within the American Federation of Labor (AFL), John L. Lewis, of the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) and other unions

an attempt to encourage
the growth of industrial unionism within the American Federation of Labor (AFL)

inspired by prior acts of resistance among people of Mexican descent, especially of Pachucos in the 1940s and 1950s, and the Black Power movement, that worked to embrace a Chicano/a identity and worldview

first sought to improve conditions for recently urbanized Native Americans.

Native American, Chicano, and Asian Americans

consisting of activists in the Western world who campaigned for a broad range of social issues such as civil and political rights, environmentalism, feminism, gay rights, abortion rights, gender roles and drug policy reforms.

to demand better working conditions and higher pay

protest racial discrimination and to show support for major civil rights legislation that was pending in Congress.

sought equal rights and opportunities and greater personal freedom for women

demanded their right to free speech and academic freedom.

This was the beginning of the end of state-sponsored segregation.