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Digestive and Urinary System Adriana Bonilla Period 1 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive and Urinary System Adriana Bonilla Period 1
Major functions of the Urinary system
Excreting metabolic wastes, toxins, and drugs
Regulates water volume and total solute concentration in water
activating vitamin D
ensures acid base balance
Major organs of the urinary system
kidney : regulates water volume and total solute concentration in water. consists of renal cortex renal medulla and renal pelvis
ureters: transport urine from kidneys to bladder
urinary bladder: temporary storage reservoir for urne
utethra: transports urine out of body
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Serras: outermost layer of visceral peritoneum
Mucose: Layer that lines lumen, secretes muscus, has blood and lymphatice vessels, and abundant amounts of elastic tissue
Submucosa: Areolar CTthat contains blood and lymphatic vessels and an abundant amount of elastic fibers
External: muscle layer that is respnsible for segmentation and perstalsis
Major Functions of the digrstive system
Take in food
break it down into nutrient molecules
absorb molecules into bloodstream
Get rid of any indigestible remains
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
Cancer: cells that Grow at a major rate in the digestive system
Bile stones(galstones): Form drom high levels of cholesterol which lead to blockages of the pancreas
UTI caused by sexual intercourse and causes issues in urinary system
KIdney stones: Can be cuse by too much calcium. Has to be peed out or surgcally removed. Can lead to the accessive need to pee or blood
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Nephron: structural and functional units that produce urine in kidneys
Renewal corpuscle:
Glomerlus: capilaries composed of endothelium
Renal tubule: consist of a single layers of epithelial cells.
PCT: cuboidal cells with microvilli which forms brush border. Functions: reabsorption and secretion(cortex)
Nephron loop: Made up of cuboidal or columnar cells
DCT: cuboidal cells which function more in secretion rather than reabsorption
Major organs of the digestive system
Alimentary canal ( GI tract or gut)
small intestine: major organ of digestion and absorption
esophogus: conduit that passes food from mouth to stomach
large intestine
pharynx: allows passage of fluid, air and food
anus
mouth: where food is chewed and mixed with enzyme-containing saliva that begins
process of digestion, and swallowing process is initiated
stomach : Temporary storage that starts the breakdown of food. Turns food into chyme. It has a volume of ~50 ml
Accessory Organs
liver: produces bile, a fat emulsifier
gallbladder; store and concentrate bile through absorption of water and ion
tongue: inside of mouth grips, reposition, and mixes food while chewing. It forms bolus which is a mixture of food and saliva.. Initiates swallowing, speech, and taste.
teeth: dunction is mastification, process of chewing that tears and grinds food into smaller portions
pancreas: supplies most of enzymes needed to digest chyme, and bicarbonate
to neutralize stomach acid.
Endocrine: secretes insulin and glucagon
exocrine: produces pancreatic juice
salivary glands: cleanses mouth, dissolves food chemicals for taste, moistens food, and breaks down starch with enzyme amylase
serous cells: produce water secretion, enzymes, ions, and mucin
Mucous cells: produce mucous