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Digestive and Urinary System P:1 Mariah Mancinas - Coggle Diagram
Digestive and Urinary System P:1 Mariah Mancinas
Major functions of the urinary system
Major functions of the urinary system: Transport, Atorage and Elimination of urine.
Keeping the bodies internal enviornment the same
Filtrate is basically blood plasma minus proteins
Process of filtering the body
Storgae of urine passed from the kidneys to the Urinary Bladder
Major organs of the digestive system
Alimentry Canal: Consists of Gastrointestial or GI tract or Gut, : Break down food into f=smaller fragments organs are the Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagys, Stomach, Small intestine, Large Intestine and anus.
The Accessory Digestive Organs: Teeth, Tongue, Gallbladder and Digestive Glands know as the Salivary Gland, Liver and Pancreas
Digestive Organs and Peritoneum: Its the serous membranes of the adominal Cavity that consists of the Visceral Peritoneum and the Parietal Peritoneum.
Visceral Peritoneum: Membrane on external surface of the most digestive organs
Parietal Peritoneum: Membrane that lines the walls of the organs
The pharynx: Food passageway into the mouth.
The esophagus: Flat Muscular tube thst runs from laryngopharynx to stomach.
Anatomy of the stomach: Temporary storage tank that starts chemical breakdown of the protein digestion.
Liver, Gallbladder, Pancrease
Small Intestine: Major organ in digestion and absorption
Large Intestine: Has three unique features not seen elsewhere. Teniae coli, Haustra, Epiploic appendages.
Major organs of the urinary systems
Kidney: Major part of the urinary system by maintaining the bodies internal envirnment.
Ureters: Transport of Urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
Urinary baldder: Temporary storage reservoir fro urine.
Urethra: Transports Urine out of body
Anatomy of Kidneys: Renal Cortex, Renal Medulla, Renal pelvis, Minor calyces, Major calyces and Renal Arteries.
Digestive enzymes (including names and functions)
Mucous neck cells: Acidic mucus
Parietal Cells: Hydrochloric acids, Instrinsic factor.
Chief cells: Secretes: pepsinogen and lipases.
Enteroendocrine cells: Secretes chemical messengers into lamina propria.
Proteases (for proteins): secreted in inactive form to prevent self-digestion
– Amylase (for carbohydrates)
– Lipases (for lipids)
– Nucleases (for nucleic acids)
Layers of the GI Tract(Including stomach)
Starts of with step one which is Ingestion
Step 3 which is the Mechanical Breakdown
Step 2 which is propulsion
Step 4 which is Digestion this is in the stomach
Step 5 which is Absorption
Last step which is Defecation
Digestive process in the stomach is toCarry out breakdown of fodd, Serves as holding for food, Delievers chyme to small intestine, Denatures proteins by HCI, Pepsin carries out enzymatic digestion of proteins, Lipid-soluble alcohol and aspirin are absorbed into blood.
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Villi: capillary bed and lymphatic capillary called a lacteal for absorption:
Microvilli:Brush Border that contains membrane bound enzymes used for fianl carbohydrate and protein digestion.
Mouth, Liver,Gallbladder, pancrease, small intestine, esophagus, stomach, large intestine and anus.
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Nephrons are the structural and functional units that forms urine in the kidneys. 1 million per kidney.
Two main parts: Renal Corpuscule and Renal Tubule
Renal Corpuscle: Glomerulus: Tuft of capilariues composed of fenstrated endothelium, Glomerular Capsule: Also called the Bowmans Capsule: Cup shaped hollow structure, Surronding glomerulus.
Renal Tubule and collecting ducts: Three major parts: Proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop and Distal convoluted tubule.
Nephron loop is descending limb and Acending Limb.
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder.
Gastroesophageal Reflux disease: Chronic disease that occurs when the esophageals.
Peptic Ulcers: Sores that develop in the lining of stomach.
Colon disease: Polyps-growth
Bladder Cancer: Body cell grow out of control
Kidney stones: Urine conatins many dissolved minerals.
Major functions of the digestive system
Take in food
Break it down into nutrient molecules
Absorb molecules into the bloodstream
Rid body of any indigestible remains
The major process is 1.Ingestion, 2. Propulsion, 3. Mechanical Breakdown, 4. Digestion, 5.Absorption, 6.Defecation.