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CHAPTER 2: TOURISM SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 2: TOURISM SYSTEM
ELEMNTS OF TOURISM
Murphy, Hall & McArthur's Model
Supply Factors
: 1) Resources 2) Government 3) The Tourism industry
Other infrastructure
– in addition to transportation, the other necessary infrastructure including water supply, electric power, sewage.
Transportation facilities & services
– transportation access into the country, region or development area, the internal transportation system linking the attractions and development areas and transportation within the development areas.
Other tourist facilities and services
– other facilities & services necessary for tourism.
Accommodation
– hotels & other types of facilities and their related services where tourists stay overnight during their travel development including tour & travel operations, restaurants
Tourist attractions & activities
– all those natural, cultural and special features and related activities of an area that attract tourists to visit it.
5) political & institutional frameworks for enabling tourism
4) Community within the visitor destination area
3) Marketing & promotion
2) Tourist information
1) Various mode of transportation
Institutional elements
– including manpower planning, education and training programs, marketing strategies & promotional programs
Demand Factor
: comprised of the motivations, perceptions, previous experiences and expectations of tourist.
Fantasy
– one of modern travel experience where tourists build up a picture of the world ‘that marks an escape from present reality’ an environment for acting out psychic needs’.
Spiritual
– pilgrimage, religion and spiritual quest has long been part of tourism.
Social
– include visiting friends & relatives, business & conference travel
Cultural
– the desire to observe & learn other societies & their customs
Physiological
– include the need for relaxation and improved health. For e.g.; cruise travel associated with rest & relaxation and spa tourism.
Mill & Morrison's Model (1985)
Marketing
– highlights the importance of marketing in encouraging people to travel.
Destinatio
n – consists of the study of the destination mix, i.e. –the attractions and services that are used by the tourist.
Travel
– describes & analyses the where, when and how of the individual tourist’s travel behavior.
Market
- highlights the decision of the individual to travel and or become a tourist.
Leiper's Model (1979,1990)
Destination region
: region that tourist choose to visit & the most obvious consequences of the system occur
Transit region or route
: the tourist must travel through to reach his destination
Generating region
: source of region of the tourist & place where the journey begins & ends