Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

DNA - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Protien
      - Process
        
        Initiation
        
        mRNA, tRNA, and
        the ribosomal subunits form a complex.
        
        Elongation
        
        The Ribosome travels in the 5'-3' direction and synthesizes a polypeptide
        
        Step 2: Formation of a peptide bond between the amino acid and the growing polypeptide chain.
        
        Step 3: Translocation of the ribosome towards the 3' end of the mRNA by one codon
        
        Step 1: Aminoacyl tRNA brings a new amino acid to the A site.
        
        Termination
        
        The ribosome reaches a stop codon (UAA, UAG, UGA), and all of the components dissemble releasing a completed polypeptide. Occurs with the help of a release factor
      - Difference
        
        Ribosome
        
        Prokaryotes
        
        1 kind
        
        Eukaryotes
        
        Many kinds- cytosolic ribosomes
        
        Initiation
        
        Prokaryotes
        
        Has ribosomal binding sites.
        
        One start codon (AUG) location.
        
        Eukaryotes
        
        Has guanosine caps.
        
        Has start codons at many locations.
        
        Cellular location
        
        Prokaryotes
        
        Cytosol
        
        Eukaryotes
        
        Cytosol
  - - - Recognition- Sigma factor helps RNA polymerase to identify the promoter region. DNA strands seperate.
    - - mRNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase using the template strand as template. RNA polymerase works 5'-3'. U is substituted for T.
    - - When RNA polymerase reaches the termination sequence it causes both the polymerase and newly-made RNA transcript to dissociate from DNA
  - - - Eukaryotes
        
        Capping
        
        Addition of methyl guanosine triphosphate at 5' end
        
        role
        
        Exit from the nucleus.
        
        protects mRNA from degradation.
        
        Binds mRNA to ribosome.
        
        Tailing
        
        Addition of poly A tail at 3' end
        
        Role
        
        Proper Exit from the nucleus.
        
        Protects mRNA from degradation.
        
        Splicing
        
        Removal of Introns by splicosome
        
        Splicosome- snRNPs
    - - Prokaryotes
        
        Cytosol
      - Eukaryotes
        
        Nucleus
    - - Prokaryotes
        
        1 RNA polymerase, 1 sigma factor to initiate transcription
      - Eukaryotes
        
        3 RNA polymerases- RNA polymerase II transcribes mRNA, requires 5 sigma factors.