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module 1: cells as the basis of life - Coggle Diagram
module 1: cells as the basis of life
movement of materials
active
endocytosis
process of letting materials into the cell
phagocytosis (solids)
pinocytosis (liquids)
exocytosis
allows molecule to leave cell
external movement
use membrane bound vesicles
joins cell membrane for molecules that can't pass through membrame
passive
diffusion
simple
facilitated
osmosis
through semi-permeable membrane
surface area to volume ratio
smaller cell= increased SA: volume
larger cell= lower SA: volume
materials must be able to reach all parts of the cell (happens through diffusion)
examples
Diffusion in different cube sizes
enzymes
effects of environment on activity
pH
temperature
substrate concentrate
structure
globular structure
folded
active site
substrate binds
made up of protein molecules
function
biological catalyst
speed up reaction
control metabolic reactions
.specific for each reaction
models
lock and key
induced fit
cell requirements
matter (gases, simple nutrients, ions)
light energy
chemical energy
stored in bonds that joins atoms together
removal of waste
organelles
eukaryotic cells
complex
prokaryotic cells
simple cell structure
unicellular
organelles not composed together
similarities
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
genetic material
fluid mosaic model
structure
2 layers of phospholipids
hydrophobic tails
hydrophillic heads
glycoproteins
glycolipids
chlesterol
function
observed functions of cellular membranes
biochemical processes
photosynthesis
oxygen + glucose -sunlight and chlorophyll> carbon dioxide + water
occurs in plants
photolysis- light dependent
carbon fixing- light independent
cellular respiration
carbon dioxide + water ---> glucose + oxygen
2nd stage- depends on supply of CO2
anaerobic
aerobic
1st stage- Glycosis
Splits glucose to produce 2 molecules
chemistry of living things