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Conditions of the middle ear ( otitis media) - Coggle Diagram
Conditions of the middle ear ( otitis media)
Acute otitis media
Definition
It is the infection and inflammation of the middle ear that commonly preceded by an upper respiratory tract infection.
Clinical manifestations
Otorrhoea which indicates eardrum perforation which may lead to:
Deafness
Mastoiditis
Cholesteatoma
Brain abscess
Meningitis
Nursing management
Administration of the analgesics and antibiotics to relieve pain.
If the is discharge, the ear should be kept dry by wickong
The patient should be told on how to do wicking, to be informed that she/ he must finish antibiotics as prescribed. And if draining persist for more than 14 days she/he must report.
Chronic otitis media
Definition
It is an untreated acute otitis media that than become chronic when the infection has not cleared and continue for weeks( more than 2 weeks)
Clinical manifestations
Tonsillitis
Swelling of the throat
Dysphagia
Otalgia
Drainagr of purulent discharge
Adenoditis
Nursing management
The ear should be kept dry by wicking
Broad spectrum antibiotics ear drops preparations may be instilled as prescribed.
In the children, oral antibiotics may be prescribed for 5 days and review after 2 weeks
In health education patient must be thorough how to do wicking
Encouraged to stop using earbuds because they may perforate tymphanic membrane.
Report any swelling and pain behind the ear
Pathophysiology
In respiratory conditions, bacteria or other infective organism ascend along the eustachian tube
The Inflammatory reaction caused by this results in the eustachian tube being swollen amd blocked which result to negative pressure in the middle ear.
Fluid stagnates because there is no drainage, the movable joints of the ossicle become immovable and transmition of spund wave is not possible
As the Inflammatory process advances, fever increases and decreases hearing
In the presence of pus, the eardrum bulges towards with a possoble risk of perforation.
Should the eardrum perforate there will be a purulent discharge from the ear.