Growth and Division
American Nationalism
Economic Nationalism
"Era of Good Feelings"
Federalist Party extinct, only republicans left
The Second Bank
Issue national currency and control state banks
Tariffs and Transportation
Tariff of 1816 taxed imports to drive up prices
Improvements in transportation systems
Judicial Nationalism
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee
Supreme Court could hear all appeals from state court decisions involving federal law
McCulloch v. Maryland
Creation of National Bank is constitutional because it helps to exercise "necessary and proper" powers
Taxing national bank was a form of interference, unconstitutional
Gibbons v. Ogden
Federal law will take precedence over state law in interstate transportation
Monopoly declared unconstitional
Nationalist Diplomacy
Jackson invades Florida
Spain to cede Florida to U.S over Adam-Onis treaty
Monroe Doctrine
Spanish colonies in America declared independence
Countries from Quadruple Alliance wanted to reclaim Spain's colonies
Monroe Doctrine prevented European powers from interfering in latin america's political affairs
Early Industry
Revolution in Transportation
Roads and Turnpikes
Creation of National Road
Steamboats and Canals
Steamboats made upstream travel easier
Creation of more canals as a result e.g Erie Canal
"Iron Horse"
Railroad trains
Faster and could go anywhere as long as rails were laid
New System of Production
Industrial Revolution
Technological Advances
Cotton Gin
Telegraph for communication
Large Cities
City Populations doubled and tripled
High literacy rate
Organized Workers
Labor Unions
Strikes
Life in North
Northern Cities
Crime
Labor Riots
Child Mortality
Disease
Farms
Leading economic activity
Land of Cotton
Southern Economy
Cotton dominating region
Industry lags
Slow to industrialize, reliant on agriculture
Southern Society
Many slaveholders
Yeoman Farmers (ordinary white farmers who sometimes held slaves too)
Slavery
Plantation Life
Task System: given a set of tasks in a day, freetime once complete
Frederick Douglass
Enslaved women and children
Women worked long hard days while caring for children
Young children to start working as soon as they can
Free african americans
Maryland and Virginia
Were not accepted in Southern society
Coping with enslavement
African American Culture: singing
Resistance and rebellion
Uprisings by Prosser and Turner, all failed
Growing Sectionalism
Missouri Compromise
Should Slavery expand westward?
Missouri to apply as a slave state but had to free slave children when they reached 25
Senate rejected
Solution emerged when Maine applied to be a free state, to restore the balance between slave and free states
Pro-slavery ppl wanted to deny free african americans into Missouri, luckily Clay said they wouldn't do that
Many noted it would only be a temporary solution...
Elections of 1824 and 1828
Battle of Favorite Sons
Clay, Jackson, Adams, Crawford
When Clay was eliminated, gave support to Adams, and he won
But Adams would give Clay seat in cabinet, ppl said it was corrupt
Democrats supported Jackson, Republicans for Adams
Adams only served one term after ppl thought he was wasting taxpayer money on universities and astronomical observatories
Election of 1828
Jackson wins by a landslide