Small Island and The Plague explores the concept of alienation in the two characters Gilbert and Cottard through the usage of vocabulary that is used to refer to the two characters, contrasting the characters' actions with those around them, and the usage of metaphor.
Vocabulary
GIlbert
"Small Islanders" (p.131)
"coon", "darkie", "wog" (p. 316-317)
Cottard
"invalid" (p. 34)
"some fellow out of his head" (p. 304)
Character's actions
Gilbert
Cottard
People of Oran are celebrating while he remained at home. Then later, he shoots at these jubilant citizens and gets arrested
Using words like "Cha" in his coversation
Him holding back against white men when he was beaten up by them (p. 317)
Metaphor
Gilbert
Story of "the gecko and the dog"
Mother being a metaphor for Britain to illustrate Gilbert's treatment and alienation (p. 139)
Metaphor of the reaction of the town of Hunmunby towards the West Indian RAF volunteers (p, 137)
Cottard
The metaphor of the dog (p. 304)
The dog is used to represent Cottard since the word "barked" is used to describe Cottard's gunshot to kill the dog and that the dog survived the purge of animals through hiding and exile.