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案例分析 - Coggle Diagram
案例分析
病史詢問
Present Illness:Epigastric pain since tonight sudden onset, no nausea, no diarrhea no radiation pain too pain to cold sweating just now
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TOCC:
no Travel, Contact, and Cluster history ,Occupation: farmer
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引起老年人腹部急症的常見原因
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四、腸阻塞
在老年人身上最常被忽略的腹部急症第一名是闌尾炎,第二名就是小腸阻塞.X光片通常是診斷腸阻塞的第一選擇工具,在X光片下最明顯的特徵就是可見脹大的腸子與空氣 - 液體介面 (air-fluidlevel)的存在如腹脹與腸音改變等
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檢查
實驗室檢查
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4/25 BCS:Na:140mmol/L k:3.6mmol/L Cl:108mmol/L Glu:118mg/dl Bun:16mg/dl Cre:1.0mg/dl eGFR:˙78.29ml/min TBI:0.9mg/dl DBI:0.2mg/dl GPT:24U/L
lipase:364IU/L
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4/25 CBC/DC:WBC:9510 RBC:4.47 Hb:1 2 MCV:98.9 MCH:33.1 PLT:194000 N.seg.71 Lym:23 mono:5 Eosin:0 meta:1.0
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4/25 BCS:Na:136mmol/L k:4.3mmol/L Ca:1.94mmol/L l Bun:16mg/dl Cre:0.91mg/dl eGFR:˙87.29ml/min TBI:1.3mg/dl DBI:0.4mg/dl GPT:30U/L GOT:24U/L AMY:122U/L
lipase:61U/L TP:5.0
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病理組織:The specimen submitted consists of 2 tissue fragments measuring up to 0.9 x 0.6 x 0.6 cm in size fixed in formalin.Microscopically, it shows necrotizing inflammation with purulent exudates, compatible with perforated peptic ulcer.
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影像學檢查
4/25腹超
1.Liver:Mildly bright texture.The left lobe was not seen.2.Gallbladder:negative 3.Pancreas:not seen 4.Spleen:negative 5.Kidneys:negative 6.Mild ascites was seen.
CXR
4/25 CHEST/AP (sitting):
1.NG intubation
2.Mediastinal widening.
3.Atherosclerotic and tortuous aorta and cardiomegaly
4.Retrocardiac : opacity.
Abd CT
Perforated hollow viscus, probably UGI tract
DD
PPU
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Pathophysiology
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Other etiologies
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Medications, other ingestions, foreign body
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症狀與體徵
腹痛:
突然發生的劇烈腹痛是潰瘍穿孔的最初、最經常、也最重要的症狀,穿孔時疼痛最初開始於上腹部或穿孔的部位,常呈刀割或燒灼樣痛,一般為持續性,但也有陣發性加重。根據胃內容物在腹腔擴散的量和方向的不同,疼痛可轉移於右肩、右肩胛下方或背部,疼痛很快擴散至全腹部。
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Physical examination
In patients with gastrointestinal perforation, vital signs may initially be normal or reveal mild tachycardia or hypothermia.
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thorough examination of the neck, chest, and abdomen; and rectal examination
As the inflammatory response progresses, fever and other signs of sepsis may develop.
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