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anophthalmos - Coggle Diagram
anophthalmos
risk factors
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Exposure to certain chemicals, drugs, pesticides or alcohol during pregnancy. The drugs thalidomide and warfarin have been implicated
Certain viral infections during pregnancy like German measles, toxoplasmosis, varicella and cytomegalovirus
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studies
Clinical features of the baby, which show an obvious absence of the eyeball
History obtained from the patient, which may indicate the cause of the anophthalmia. A positive family history may indicate the presence of an inherited genetic disorder
Imaging tests like ultrasound and CT/MRI to check for anomalies. Transvaginal ultrasound can be used in prenatal diagnosis of anophthalmia, which can detect the condition by the end of the first trimester of pregnancy
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classification
True anophthalmia, where there is complete absence of eye tissues
Extreme microphthalmia, where a small globe of tissue is present instead of the eye
Clinical anophthalmia, which is an intermediate condition between true anophthalmia and extreme microphthalmia
defination
this is the absence of the eyeball, it may be a result of failure in the formation of the optic vesicle