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Population and
Resources - Coggle Diagram
Population and
Resources
Types of
Resources
physical
natural things that people can use
- fuel (solar power, coal), soil, water,
nutrients, flat easily drained land
human
good facilities, transport, industry,
technology (electricity, internet access)
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Terms
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overpopulation
D: resources not sufficient enough to
maintain adequate standard of living
CHAD - TFR = 7 - puts unbearable strain on education system = 37% lit rate
underpopulation
D: far more resources in an area than
can be used by number of people - leads
to wastage
SWEDEN - exports = $85.7bn - excess resources to trade with other countries
optimum population
D: a theoretical scenario when there is
a balance between population and
resources - produces highest standard of living
Theory of
Thomas Malthus
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2 scenarios
positive checks
- pop kept in check by war,
famine or disease
- drops below food supply
example - Irish Potato Famine middle 19th century
negative checks
- as pop approaches limit of food supply,
growth slows
- delayed marriages, abstinence from sex
- People didn't have kids as food prices
increased + standard of living fell
example - 1 child policy China
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EVALUATE
positives
- overpopulation + lack of resources
caused food shortages/famines - Ireland/Africa
- soil erosion + desertification in Africa due to over-grazing
- conflict some parts of world over resources (gold/water/diamond)
negatives
- theory too simplistic - population
sustainability more complicated
- out of date theory - written when no tech
- globalisation further complicates -
rich countries import food when resources low
- many countries surplus food rather than deficit - wider issue is distribution of food
Theory of
Ester Boserup
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as carrying capacity reached, people
forced to adapt farming techniques
so more food is produced
evidence
AGREE
Green Revolution
widespread intro of high yielding
seeds, water control, use fertilisers
and pesticides to allow more ppl
to be fed
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region of Machakos in Kenya
- despite growing population
- 238,000 in 1930 to 1,393,000 in 1990
- improvements in agri practice + tech
- productivity + food security increases
However - named - MACHAKOS
MIRACLE - so seen as 1 off event
and hard to manage across whole world
as some limited access to tech
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EVALUATE
positives
- green revolution
- obvious new technologies
- new global charities investing
in global investment programmes
to support agriculture
negatives
- theory based on 'closed' community
which is very unlikely
- international migration complicates as
when area has strain on resources, ppl
just move to new areas
- some areas never sustain people/farming
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