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6.1 The Atom - Coggle Diagram
6.1 The Atom
Atomic Models
Plum Pudding Model
Atoms thought to be indivisible until electron discovered
Alpha scattering
Most of atom is empty space
Atom radius approx: 1 x 10^-10 m
Very small positive nucleus
Ball of positive charge with negative charges scattered throughout
Bohr Model
Central nucleus with electrons orbiting in energy levels
Atomic Structure
Atoms
Nucleus
Majority of atomic mass
Protons
Relative mass: 1
Relative charge: 1
Neutrons
Relative mass: 1
Relative charge: 0
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Electrons
Relative mass: 0.0005
Relative charge: -1
Electrons exist in distinct energy levels
Ions
Elements
Have a unique number of protons
Nucleus has a characteristic charge
Atoms gain electrons to form negative ions
Overall charge is neutral: equal number of protons and electrons