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Ch14: Orthopaedic surgery - Coggle Diagram
Ch14: Orthopaedic surgery
Stages in # healing
haematoma
inflamm
callus
consolidation
remodelling
UL injuries
Colles #: dorsal angulation
Smith #: volar angulation
humerus #: check axillary N
clav #
75% occur in middle 1/3
check for brachial plexus injury
shoulder dislocation
ant
can be reduced via ext rotation, stimson or cunningham techniques
post: "lightbulb sign"
scaphoid #s
tenderness in anatomical snuffbox
AVN risk, esp if more proximal
not always visible on initial x-ray, tx based on clinical suspicion + re x-ray if needed in 2 wks
LL injuries
intracapsular NOF #s
Garden 1: incomplete + non-displaced
Garden 2: complete + non-displaced
Garden 3: complete + partially displaced, arthroplasty recommended
Garden 4: complete + fully displaced, needs arthroplasty
ankle #s
Weber A: below syndesmosis
Weber B: @ level of syndesmosis
Weber C: above syndesmosis, needs surgical fixation
maisonneuve #: med malleolus with prox fibula #s
Management of an open #
dress wound
place in backslab
IV abx + tetanus prophylaxis
surgery
Trauma series of xrays
CXR
C-spine
AP pelvis
Pelvic #
risk of urogenital injury
risk of haemorrhage from venous plexus
apply pelvic binder @ level of greater trochanters
Septic arthritis
Kocher's criteria distinguishes septic arthritis from transient synovitis in a child with an inflamed hip
non weight bearing
fever
high WCC+ESR
tx
IV fluclox + benzylpenicillin
surgical washout
Back pain
AAA
CES
Spinal cord compression
mets
sciatica
irritation/compression of sciatic N
usually caused by disc protrusion/herniation
pain in lower back, buttock + limb on affected side
pain easily exacerbated by ADLs
tx: NSAIDs, physio, surgery rarely
arthritis