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Conditions of the throat - Coggle Diagram
Conditions of the throat
Laryngitis
Cinical manifestations
hoarseness
Slight huskiness
Cough
Loss of voice(aphonia)
Scratchy sore throat
Nursing Management
Patient teaching
To correct the faulty voice habits
increase intake of fluids
To take cough medications and soothing throat lozenges as prescribed
Advise the patient to rest the voice
To complete the course of antibiotics
To use steam inhalations
to withhold alcohol and tobacco smoking
Cancer of the larynx
Pathophysiology
neck and lung metastases
Membrane lining the respiratory tract
Malignant tumour
Squamous cell carcinoma
Clinical manifestation
Hoarseness
Pain
Manangement
Various surgial procedures :
Laser
Partial trachestomy
Biopsy
Temporal tracheostomy
Total laryngerctomy
Removal of lymphatic channels and nodes
Radical neck dissecting
Permanent tracheostomy
Speaking valve
Stoma
Swallowing technique
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Nursing management
Patient teaching
Expected problems
Management of those problems
About the procedure
The use of prescribed creams and sunscreens
Irradiation skin care site
Avoid rough, tight garments
Avoid rubbing or scratching the area
To avoid extreme temperatures
High protein and vitamin diet
Increased fluid intake
Specific nursing management post laryngectomy
Mechanical ventilation
Airway monitoring
Intensive care unit
Patent airway maintainanance
Encourage patient to cough
Fowler's position
Suctioning
Bronchodilators and mucolytics
Nebulisation
Chest physiotherapist
Oxygen therapy
Analgesics
Wound care
Vital signs monitoring
Aseptic technique
Empty wound drainage
Odour
Consistency
Monitor colour
Record
Haemodynamic status monitoring
Monitor vital signs
Observe skin colour and mucous membrane
Colour
Cyanosis
Monitor blood gases
Measure central venous presure
Urine output
Record intake and output
Intravenous infusion therapy
Home care
Proper tracheostomy care
suctioning and humidifier
Family involvement
Emergency resuscitation
Good nutrition
Communication skills
Patient teaching
Tracheostomy cover use
Stop smoking
Wearing of medic alert band
Keeping follow up appointments
Attend group therapy
Communication
Artificial battery operated larynx
Oephageal speech
Family support
Speech therapist
Oesophageal speech therapy
Pharyngitis
Clinical manifestation
Dysphagia
Dryness
Redness
Fever
Severe pain
Cough
Malaise
Nursing management
Health education
Cover the nose and mouth
Tissue
Handkerchief
Pharyngitis is contagious
Proper disposal
Discourage smoking
Complete the antibiotics
Hand hygiene
Antibiotics
Analgesics
Tonsillitis and adenoiditis
Pathophysiology
Oedema
Upper respiratory tract infection
Hyperaemia
Enlarged tonsils
Thin white membrane
Nasal obstruction
Enlarged adenoids
Purulent exudate
Neck and cervical lymph node enlargement
Nursing management
Saline gargles
Antibiotics
Increase fluid intake
Analgesics
Encouraged to rest
Clinical manifestation
Snoring
Fever
Otalgia
Dysphagia
Throat pain
History of Upper respiratory infection
Mouth breathing
Inflamed, infected mucous membrane
Surgical management
Tonsilloadenoidectomy
Tonsilloadenoidectomy indications
Hypertrophied tonsils
Peritonsillar abscess
Recurrent episodes
Repeated problems eustachian tube obstruction
Sinus complications
Post tonsilloadenoidectomy management
Inspect oropharynx for bleeding and report
Receiver dish provision
Observe colour
Unconscious patient
Any sign of swallowing
Bleeding operation site
Recovery position
Oral feeding
Fluids, soft bland diet
Avoid sour ,spicy foods
When anaesthesia complete
Vital signs Monitoring
15- 30 minutes for the 1st 12-24hours
Analgesics
Antibiotics
Essential patient teaching
Inform about delayed bleeding 7-10days postoperatively
Heailng takes 2-3 weeks
Encourage seeking medical attention when bleeding
Throat pain, otalgia 7-10 days
To take analgesics
Complete course of antibiotics
General anaesthesia
Outpatient department
Tonsillectomy
Adenoidectomy
Peritonsillar abscess(Quinsy)
Clinical manifestations
Thickening voice
Severe local pain
Dysphagia
Fever
Rigors
Swelling
Occlussion
Mouth
Pharynx
Nursing management
Soothing mouth wash
Intravenous antibiotics
Analgesics
Liquid diet
Increased fluid intake
Surgical management
Incision and drainage